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Schemes of classical shadows have been developed to facilitate the read-out of digital quantum devices, but similar tools for analog quantum simulators are scarce and experimentally impractical. In this work, we provide a measurement scheme…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-18 Janek Denzler , Antonio Anna Mele , Ellen Derbyshire , Tommaso Guaita , Jens Eisert

Characterising multi-time quantum processes is essential for analysing temporally correlated noise and for designing effective control and mitigation strategies. A complete operational description through multi-time process tomography…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-03 Abhinash Kumar Roy , Varun Srivastava , Christina Giarmatzi , Alexei Gilchrist

Correlated noise is a critical failure mode in quantum error correction (QEC), as temporal memory and spatial structure concentrate faults into error bursts that undermine standard threshold assumptions. Yet, a fundamental gap persists…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-09 John F Kam , Angus Southwell , Spiro Gicev , Muhammad Usman , Kavan Modi

Simultaneous quantum estimation of multiple parameters has recently become essential in quantum metrology. Although the ultimate sensitivity of a multiparameter quantum estimation in noiseless environments can beat the standard quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-12 Le Bin Ho , Hideaki Hakoshima , Yuichiro Matsuzaki , Masayuki Matsuzaki , Yasushi Kondo

The present era of quantum processors with hundreds to thousands of noisy qubits has sparked interest in understanding the computational power of these devices and how to leverage it to solve practically relevant problems. For applications…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-15 Victor Martinez , Omar Fawzi , Daniel Stilck França

Giving a convincing experimental evidence of the quantum supremacy over classical simulations is a challenging goal. Noise is considered to be the main problem in such a demonstration, hence it is urgent to understand the effect of noise.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-08 Valery Shchesnovich

The rapid development of quantum computing technologies already made it possible to manipulate a collective state of several dozen of qubits. This success poses a strong demand on efficient and reliable methods for characterization and…

The development of emerging technologies in quantum optics demands accurate models that faithfully capture genuine quantum effects. Mature semiclassical approaches reach their limits when confronted with quantized electromagnetic fields,…

Quantum technologies offer a promising route to the efficient sampling and analysis of stochastic processes, with potential applications across the sciences. Such quantum advantages rely on the preparation of a quantum sample state of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-17 Chengran Yang , Marta Florido-Llin`as , Mile Gu , Thomas J. Elliott

As progress is made towards the first generation of error-corrected quantum computers, robust characterization and validation protocols are required to assess the noise environments of physical quantum processors. While standard coherence…

We show that combining randomized measurement protocols with importance sampling allows for characterizing entanglement in significantly larger quantum systems and in a more efficient way than in previous work. A drastic reduction of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-26 Aniket Rath , Rick van Bijnen , Andreas Elben , Peter Zoller , Benoît Vermersch

Presently, noisy intermediate-scale quantum computers encounter significant technological challenges that make it impossible to generate large amounts of entanglement. We leverage this technological constraint as a resource and demonstrate…

Memory is the fundamental form of temporal complexity: when present but uncontrollable, it manifests as non-Markovian noise; conversely, if controllable, memory can be a powerful resource for information processing. Memory effects arise…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-07 Philip Taranto , Marco Túlio Quintino , Mio Murao , Simon Milz

In quantum information transformation and quantum computation, the most critical issues are security and accuracy. These features, therefore, stimulate research on quantum state characterization. A characterization tool, Quantum state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-01 Xudan Chai , Teng Ma , Qihao Guo , Zhangqi Yin , Hao Wu , Qing Zhao

The process tensor provides a general representation of a quantum system evolving under repeated interventions and is fundamental for numerical simulations of local many-body dynamics. In this work, we introduce the projected process…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-18 Peter O'Donovan , Neil Dowling , Kavan Modi , Mark T. Mitchison

We present methods that can provide an exponential savings in the resources required to perform dynamic parameter estimation using quantum systems. The key idea is to merge classical compressive sensing techniques with quantum control…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-16 Easwar Magesan , Alexandre Cooper , Paola Cappellaro

The measurement statistics for spatial and temporal quantum processes are produced through distinct mechanisms. Measurements that are space-like separated exhibit non-signaling behavior. However, time-like separated measurements can only…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-30 Zhian Jia , Dagomir Kaszlikowski

Accurately estimating the properties of quantum systems is a central challenge in quantum computing and quantum information. We propose a method to obtain unbiased estimators of multiple observables with low statistical error by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-25 Stefano Mangini , Daniel Cavalcanti

We generalize the classical shadow tomography scheme to a broad class of finite-depth or finite-time local unitary ensembles, known as locally scrambled quantum dynamics, where the unitary ensemble is invariant under local basis…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-27 Hong-Ye Hu , Soonwon Choi , Yi-Zhuang You

We introduce Sketch Tomography, an efficient procedure for quantum state tomography based on the classical shadow protocol used for quantum observable estimations. The procedure applies to the case where the ground truth quantum state is a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-27 Xun Tang , Haoxuan Chen , Yuehaw Khoo , Lexing Ying
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