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It has recently been argued that AI models' representations are becoming aligned as their scale and performance increase. Empirical analyses have been designed to support this idea and conjecture the possible alignment of different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Francesco Insulla , Shuo Huang , Lorenzo Rosasco

Recent advancements in Generative AI and Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled the creation of highly realistic synthetic content, raising concerns about the potential for malicious use, such as misinformation and manipulation.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Andrea Pedrotti , Michele Papucci , Cristiano Ciaccio , Alessio Miaschi , Giovanni Puccetti , Felice Dell'Orletta , Andrea Esuli

The rapid adoption of LLMs has increased the need for reliable AI text detection, yet existing detectors often fail outside controlled benchmarks. We systematically evaluate 2 dominant paradigms (training-free and supervised) and show that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Jivnesh Sandhan , Harshit Jaiswal , Fei Cheng , Yugo Murawaki

Large language models (LLMs) has experienced exponential growth, they demonstrate remarkable performance across various tasks. Notwithstanding, contemporary research primarily centers on enhancing the size and quality of pretraining data,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Mengnan Qi , Yufan Huang , Yongqiang Yao , Maoquan Wang , Bin Gu , Neel Sundaresan

With the rapid development and widespread application of Large Language Models (LLMs), the use of Machine-Generated Text (MGT) has become increasingly common, bringing with it potential risks, especially in terms of quality and integrity in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Qihui Zhang , Chujie Gao , Dongping Chen , Yue Huang , Yixin Huang , Zhenyang Sun , Shilin Zhang , Weiye Li , Zhengyan Fu , Yao Wan , Lichao Sun

Mitigating biases in generative AI and, particularly in text-to-image models, is of high importance given their growing implications in society. The biased datasets used for training pose challenges in ensuring the responsible development…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Carolina Lopez Olmos , Alexandros Neophytou , Sunando Sengupta , Dim P. Papadopoulos

Autoregressive Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional performance in language understanding and generation. However, their application in text embedding tasks has been relatively slow, along with the analysis of their semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Zhaoxin Feng , Jianfei Ma , Emmanuele Chersoni , Xiaojing Zhao , Xiaoyi Bao

Large Language Models (LLMs) are known to exhibit social, demographic, and gender biases, often as a consequence of the data on which they are trained. In this work, we adopt a mechanistic interpretability approach to analyze how such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Bhavik Chandna , Zubair Bashir , Procheta Sen

The growing collaboration between humans and AI models in generative tasks has introduced new challenges in distinguishing between human-written, LLM-generated, and human-LLM collaborative texts. In this work, we collect a multilingual,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Minh Ngoc Ta , Dong Cao Van , Duc-Anh Hoang , Minh Le-Anh , Truong Nguyen , My Anh Tran Nguyen , Yuxia Wang , Preslav Nakov , Sang Dinh

The rapid development of AI tools and implementation of LLMs within downstream tasks has been paralleled by a surge in research exploring how the outputs of such AI/LLM systems embed biases, a research topic which was already being…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Sourojit Ghosh , Kyra Wilson

Recent advances in natural language processing (NLP) may enable artificial intelligence (AI) models to generate writing that is identical to human written form in the future. This might have profound ethical, legal, and social…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Nuzhat Prova

With generative artificial intelligence driving the growth of dialogic data in education, automated coding is a promising direction for learning analytics to improve efficiency. This surge highlights the need to understand the nuances of…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Zijian Li , Luzhen Tang , Mengyu Xia , Xinyu Li , Naping Chen , Dragan Gašević , Yizhou Fan

ChatGPT and other general large language models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success, but they have also raised concerns about the misuse of AI-generated texts. Existing AI-generated text detection models, such as based on BERT and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-05 Rongsheng Wang , Haoming Chen , Ruizhe Zhou , Han Ma , Yaofei Duan , Yanlan Kang , Songhua Yang , Baoyu Fan , Tao Tan

As large language models (LLMs) generate more human-like texts, concerns about the side effects of AI-generated texts (AIGT) have grown. So, researchers have developed methods for detecting AIGT. However, two challenges remain. First, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Hyeonchu Park , Byungjun Kim , Bugeun Kim

Our work addresses the critical issue of distinguishing text generated by Large Language Models (LLMs) from human-produced text, a task essential for numerous applications. Despite ongoing debate about the feasibility of such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Souradip Chakraborty , Amrit Singh Bedi , Sicheng Zhu , Bang An , Dinesh Manocha , Furong Huang

LangXAI is a framework that integrates Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI) with advanced vision models to generate textual explanations for visual recognition tasks. Despite XAI advancements, an understanding gap persists for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Truong Thanh Hung Nguyen , Tobias Clement , Phuc Truong Loc Nguyen , Nils Kemmerzell , Van Binh Truong , Vo Thanh Khang Nguyen , Mohamed Abdelaal , Hung Cao

As of 2025, Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) has become a central tool for productivity across industries. Beyond text generation, GenAI now plays a critical role in coding, data analysis, and research workflows. As large language…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Dominick Kubica , Dylan T. Gordon , Nanami Emura , Derleen Saini , Charlie Goldenberg

With the enhancement in the field of generative artificial intelligence (AI), contextual question answering has become extremely relevant. Attributing model generations to the input source document is essential to ensure trustworthiness and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-29 Anirudh Phukan , Shwetha Somasundaram , Apoorv Saxena , Koustava Goswami , Balaji Vasan Srinivasan

The rapid adoption of LLMs has overshadowed the potential advantages of traditional BERT-like models in text classification. This study challenges the prevailing "LLM-centric" trend by systematically comparing three category methods, i.e.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Junyan Zhang , Yiming Huang , Shuliang Liu , Yubo Gao , Xuming Hu

Generative AI offers a simple, prompt-based alternative to fine-tuning smaller BERT-style LLMs for text classification tasks. This promises to eliminate the need for manually labeled training data and task-specific model training. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Martin Juan José Bucher , Marco Martini