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Previous deep multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) algorithms have achieved impressive results, typically in homogeneous scenarios. However, heterogeneous scenarios are also very common and usually harder to solve. In this paper, we…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Xiaoyang Yu , Youfang Lin , Xiangsen Wang , Sheng Han , Kai Lv

Cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (CMARL) has shown to be promising for many real-world applications. Previous works mainly focus on improving coordination ability via solving MARL-specific challenges (e.g., non-stationarity,…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-05-11 Lei Yuan , Zi-Qian Zhang , Ke Xue , Hao Yin , Feng Chen , Cong Guan , Li-He Li , Chao Qian , Yang Yu

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) has gained significant traction for solving complex real-world tasks, but the inherent stochasticity and uncertainty in these environments pose substantial challenges to efficient and robust policy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Somnath Hazra , Pallab Dasgupta , Soumyajit Dey

Establishing sound experimental standards and rigour is important in any growing field of research. Deep Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) is one such nascent field. Although exciting progress has been made, MARL has recently come…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-01-29 Siddarth Singh , Omayma Mahjoub , Ruan de Kock , Wiem Khlifi , Abidine Vall , Kale-ab Tessera , Arnu Pretorius

Reinforcement learning (RL) agents are vulnerable to adversarial disturbances, which can deteriorate task performance or compromise safety specifications. Existing methods either address safety requirements under the assumption of no…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-14 Zeyang Li , Chuxiong Hu , Yunan Wang , Yujie Yang , Shengbo Eben Li

The design of environments plays a critical role in shaping the development and evaluation of cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) algorithms. While existing benchmarks highlight critical challenges, they often lack the…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Hayeong Lee , JunHyeok Oh , Byung-Jun Lee

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) has emerged as a powerfulparadigm for cooperative decision-making in connected autonomous vehicles(CAVs); however, existing approaches often fail to guarantee stability, optimality,and…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2025-11-25 Mazyar Taghavi , Javad Vahidi

In multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL), ensuring robustness against unpredictable or worst-case actions by allies is crucial for real-world deployment. Existing robust MARL methods either approximate or enumerate all possible threat…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Simin Li , Ruixiao Xu , Jingqiao Xiu , Yuwei Zheng , Pu Feng , Yaodong Yang , Xianglong Liu

Developing Large Language Models (LLMs) to cooperate and compete effectively within multi-agent systems (MASs) is a critical step towards more advanced intelligence. While reinforcement learning (RL) has proven effective for enhancing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Huining Yuan , Zelai Xu , Zheyue Tan , Xiangmin Yi , Mo Guang , Kaiwen Long , Haojia Hui , Boxun Li , Xinlei Chen , Bo Zhao , Xiao-Ping Zhang , Chao Yu , Yu Wang

We discuss the problem of decentralized multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) in this work. In our setting, the global state, action, and reward are assumed to be fully observable, while the local policy is protected as privacy by each…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-11-02 Kuo Li , Qing-Shan Jia

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) methods have achieved state-of-the-art results on a range of multi-agent tasks. Yet, MARL algorithms typically require significantly more environment interactions than their single-agent…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-17 Tom Danino , Nahum Shimkin

Recent advancements in multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) have demonstrated its application potential in modern games. Beginning with foundational work and progressing to landmark achievements such as AlphaStar in StarCraft II and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Zhengyang Li , Qijin Ji , Xinghong Ling , Quan Liu

Multi-agent deep reinforcement learning has been applied to address a variety of complex problems with either discrete or continuous action spaces and achieved great success. However, most real-world environments cannot be described by only…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-13 Hongzhi Hua , Kaigui Wu , Guixuan Wen

The role of natural language constraints in Safe Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) is crucial, yet often overlooked. While Safe MARL has vast potential, especially in fields like robotics and autonomous vehicles, its full potential…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Ziyan Wang , Meng Fang , Tristan Tomilin , Fei Fang , Yali Du

Multi-agent deep reinforcement learning (MARL) suffers from a lack of commonly-used evaluation tasks and criteria, making comparisons between approaches difficult. In this work, we provide a systematic evaluation and comparison of three…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-10 Georgios Papoudakis , Filippos Christianos , Lukas Schäfer , Stefano V. Albrecht

Tremendous advances have been made in multiagent reinforcement learning (MARL). MARL corresponds to the learning problem in a multiagent system in which multiple agents learn simultaneously. It is an interdisciplinary field of study with a…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Yaodong Yang , Chengdong Ma , Zihan Ding , Stephen McAleer , Chi Jin , Jun Wang , Tuomas Sandholm

A significant challenge facing researchers in the area of multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) pertains to the identification of a library that can offer fast and compatible development for multi-agent tasks and algorithm combinations,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Siyi Hu , Yifan Zhong , Minquan Gao , Weixun Wang , Hao Dong , Xiaodan Liang , Zhihui Li , Xiaojun Chang , Yaodong Yang

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) holds great potential but faces robustness challenges due to environmental uncertainty. To address this, distributionally robust Markov games (RMGs) optimize worst-case performance when the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Jingchu Gai , Laixi Shi

Decentralized combinatorial optimization in evolving multi-agent systems poses significant challenges, requiring agents to balance long-term decision-making, short-term optimized collective outcomes, while preserving autonomy of interactive…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Chuhao Qin , Evangelos Pournaras

We study the problem of learning multi-task, multi-agent policies for cooperative, temporal objectives, under centralized training, decentralized execution. In this setting, using automata to represent tasks enables the decomposition of…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Beyazit Yalcinkaya , Marcell Vazquez-Chanlatte , Ameesh Shah , Hanna Krasowski , Sanjit A. Seshia