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Masked diffusion models (MDMs) have emerged as a promising alternative to autoregressive models (ARMs) for language modeling. However, MDMs are known to learn substantially more slowly than ARMs, which may become problematic when scaling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Chunsan Hong , Sanghyun Lee , Chieh-Hsin Lai , Satoshi Hayakawa , Yuhta Takida , Yuki Mitsufuji , Seungryong Kim , Jong Chul Ye

Catastrophic forgetting remains a formidable obstacle to building an omniscient model in large language models (LLMs). Despite the pioneering research on task-level forgetting in LLM fine-tuning, there is scant focus on forgetting during…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Chonghua Liao , Ruobing Xie , Xingwu Sun , Haowen Sun , Zhanhui Kang

In this manuscript, we consider the problem of learning a flow or diffusion-based generative model parametrized by a two-layer auto-encoder, trained with online stochastic gradient descent, on a high-dimensional target density with an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Hugo Cui , Cengiz Pehlevan , Yue M. Lu

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) suffer from a rapid decrease in performance when trained on a sequence of tasks where only data of the most recent task is available. This phenomenon, known as catastrophic forgetting, prevents DNNs from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Felix Wiewel , Bin Yang

The essence of deep learning is to exploit data to train a deep neural network (DNN) model. This work explores the reverse process of generating data from a model, attempting to reveal the relationship between the data and the model. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Philipp Benz , Chaoning Zhang , Tooba Imtiaz , In-So Kweon

Denoising Probabilistic Models (DPMs) represent an emerging domain of generative models that excel in generating diverse and high-quality images. However, most current training methods for DPMs often neglect the correlation between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Viet Nguyen , Giang Vu , Tung Nguyen Thanh , Khoat Than , Toan Tran

We identify a phenomenon, which we refer to as multi-model forgetting, that occurs when sequentially training multiple deep networks with partially-shared parameters; the performance of previously-trained models degrades as one optimizes a…

This paper considers continual learning of large-scale pretrained neural machine translation model without accessing the previous training data or introducing model separation. We argue that the widely used regularization-based methods,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-07 Shuhao Gu , Bojie Hu , Yang Feng

Most of mathematic forgetting curve models fit well with the forgetting data under the learning condition of one time rather than repeated. In the paper, a convolution model of forgetting curve is proposed to simulate the memory process…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-01-25 Yanlu Xie , Yue Chen , Man Li

A key problem in the theory of meta-learning is to understand how the task distributions influence transfer risk, the expected error of a meta-learner on a new task drawn from the unknown task distribution. In this paper, focusing on fixed…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-15 Mikhail Konobeev , Ilja Kuzborskij , Csaba Szepesvári

Despite their success in image generation, diffusion models can memorize training data, raising serious privacy and copyright concerns. Although prior work has sought to characterize, detect, and mitigate memorization, the fundamental…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Juyeop Kim , Songkuk Kim , Jong-Seok Lee

Machine learning has achieved tremendous success in a variety of domains in recent years. However, a lot of these success stories have been in places where the training and the testing distributions are extremely similar to each other. In…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-03-05 Martin Arjovsky

Most standard learning approaches lead to fragile models which are prone to drift when sequentially trained on samples of a different nature - the well-known "catastrophic forgetting" issue. In particular, when a model consecutively learns…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-09 Riccardo Volpi , Diane Larlus , Grégory Rogez

We consider the problem of few-shot spoken word classification in a setting where a model is incrementally introduced to new word classes. This would occur in a user-defined keyword system where new words can be added as the system is used.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Ruan van der Merwe , Herman Kamper

The proliferation of AI-generated content online has fueled concerns over \emph{model collapse}, a degradation in future generative models' performance when trained on synthetic data generated by earlier models. Industry leaders, premier…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Rylan Schaeffer , Joshua Kazdan , Alvan Caleb Arulandu , Sanmi Koyejo

Autonomous machine learning systems that learn many tasks in sequence are prone to the catastrophic forgetting problem. Mathematical theory is needed in order to understand the extent of forgetting during continual learning. As a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Daniel Goldfarb , Paul Hand

Autoregressive language models (ARMs) have been shown to memorize and occasionally reproduce training data verbatim, raising concerns about privacy and copyright liability. Diffusion language models (DLMs) have recently emerged as a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Xiaoyu Luo , Wenrui Yu , Qiongxiu Li , Johannes Bjerva

Pretraining language models on large text corpora is a common practice in natural language processing. Fine-tuning of these models is then performed to achieve the best results on a variety of tasks. In this paper, we investigate the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-03 Philip Kenneweg , Alexander Schulz , Sarah Schröder , Barbara Hammer

This paper presents a neural network filter method based on contraction operators to address model collapse in recursive training of generative models. Unlike \cite{xu2024probabilistic}, which requires superlinear sample growth…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Zongjian Han , Yiran Liang , Ruiwen Wang , Yiwei Luo , Yilin Huang , Xiaotong Song , Dongqing Wei

Various methods using machine and deep learning have been proposed to tackle different tasks in predictive process monitoring, forecasting for an ongoing case e.g. the most likely next event or suffix, its remaining time, or an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-14 Jari Peeperkorn , Seppe vanden Broucke , Jochen De Weerdt
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