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Autonomous driving systems require comprehensive evaluation in safety-critical scenarios to ensure safety and robustness. However, such scenarios are rare and difficult to collect from real-world driving data, necessitating simulation-based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Zhulin Jiang , Zetao Li , Cheng Wang , Ziwen Wang , Chen Xiong

Traffic simulators are widely used to study the operational efficiency of road infrastructure, but their rule-based approach limits their ability to mimic real-world driving behavior. Traffic intersections are critical components of the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Yash Ranjan , Rahul Sengupta , Anand Rangarajan , Sanjay Ranka

Real-world autonomous driving, particularly in urban environments with numerous corner cases, requires rigorous testing to ensure product safety and robustness. However, few studies have explored integrating adversarial scenario generation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Chuancheng Zhang , Zhenhao Wang , Kaizheng Li , Yaran Lin , Qiang Guo , Bin Jiang

In this paper, we present a safe deep reinforcement learning system for automated driving. The proposed framework leverages merits of both rule-based and learning-based approaches for safety assurance. Our safety system consists of two…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-24 Ali Baheri , Subramanya Nageshrao , H. Eric Tseng , Ilya Kolmanovsky , Anouck Girard , Dimitar Filev

We present an optimization-based method to plan the motion of an autonomous robot under the uncertainties associated with dynamic obstacles, such as humans. Our method bounds the marginal risk of collisions at each point in time by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-24 O. de Groot , B. Brito , L. Ferranti , D. Gavrila , J. Alonso-Mora

Identifying traffic accidents in driving videos is crucial to ensuring the safety of autonomous driving and driver assistance systems. To address the potential danger caused by the long-tailed distribution of driving events, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Rongqin Liang , Yuanman Li , Yingxin Yi , Jiantao Zhou , Xia Li

We build on our recent work on formalization of responsibility-sensitive safety (RSS) and present the first formal framework that enables mathematical proofs of the safety of control strategies in intersection scenarios. Intersection…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-15 James Haydon , Martin Bondu , Clovis Eberhart , Jérémy Dubut , Ichiro Hasuo

Autonomous vehicles have the potential to lower the accident rate when compared to human driving. Moreover, it is the driving force of the automated vehicles' rapid development over the last few years. In the higher Society of Automotive…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Dhanoop Karunakaran , Julie Stephany Berrio , Stewart Worrall , Eduardo Nebot

Simulation plays a crucial role in the rapid development and safe deployment of autonomous vehicles. Realistic traffic agent models are indispensable for bridging the gap between simulation and the real world. Many existing approaches for…

Efficiency is critical for autonomous vehicles (AVs), especially for emergency AVs. However, most existing methods focus on regular vehicles, overlooking the distinct strategies required by emergency vehicles to address the challenge of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yiming Shu , Jingyuan Zhou , Fu Zhang

Endowing nonlinear systems with safe behavior is increasingly important in modern control. This task is particularly challenging for real-life control systems that must operate safely in dynamically changing environments. This paper…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-06 Tamas G. Molnar , Adam K. Kiss , Aaron D. Ames , Gábor Orosz

This paper introduces CRITICAL, a novel closed-loop framework for autonomous vehicle (AV) training and testing. CRITICAL stands out for its ability to generate diverse scenarios, focusing on critical driving situations that target specific…

Evaluating the decision-making system is indispensable in developing autonomous vehicles, while realistic and challenging safety-critical test scenarios play a crucial role. Obtaining these scenarios is non-trivial, thanks to the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Kunkun Hao , Yonggang Luo , Wen Cui , Yuqiao Bai , Jucheng Yang , Songyang Yan , Yuxi Pan , Zijiang Yang

Existing evaluation paradigms for Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) face critical limitations. Real-world evaluation is often challenging due to safety concerns and a lack of reproducibility, whereas closed-loop simulation can face insufficient…

Automated driving functions (ADFs) have become increasingly popular in recent years. However, their safety must be assured. Thus, the verification and validation of these functions is still an important open issue in research and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Daniel Becker , Guido Küppers , Lutz Eckstein

Traffic flow prediction, particularly in areas that experience highly dynamic flows such as motorways, is a major issue faced in traffic management. Due to increasingly large volumes of data sets being generated every minute, deep learning…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-07 Adriana-Simona Mihaita , Zac Papachatgis , Marian-Andrei Rizoiu

Simulation data can be utilized to extend real-world driving data in order to cover edge cases, such as vehicle accidents. The importance of handling edge cases can be observed in the high societal costs in handling car accidents, as well…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-07-24 Shivam Akhauri , Laura Zheng , Ming Lin

The widescale deployment of Autonomous Vehicles (AV) appears to be imminent despite many safety challenges that are yet to be resolved. It is well-known that there are no universally agreed Verification and Validation (VV) methodologies…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Dhanoop Karunakaran , Stewart Worrall , Eduardo Nebot

Deep learning models are widely used in traffic forecasting and have achieved state-of-the-art prediction accuracy. However, the black-box nature of those models makes the results difficult to interpret by users. This study aims to leverage…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Rushan Wang , Yanan Xin , Yatao Zhang , Fernando Perez-Cruz , Martin Raubal

Modeling vehicle interactions at unsignalized intersections is a challenging task due to the complexity of the underlying game-theoretic processes. Although prior studies have attempted to capture interactive driving behaviors, most…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Kehua Chen , Shucheng Zhang , Yinhai Wang