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Infrared dim and small target detection presents a significant challenge due to dynamic multi-frame scenarios and weak target signatures in the infrared modality. Traditional low-rank plus sparse models often fail to capture dynamic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Pei Liu , Yisi Luo , Wenzhen Wang , Xiangyong Cao

Infrared Small Target Detection (IRSTD) aims to segment small targets from infrared clutter background. Existing methods mainly focus on discriminative approaches, i.e., a pixel-level front-background binary segmentation. Since infrared…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Haoqing Li , Jinfu Yang , Yifei Xu , Runshi Wang

The accurate target-background separation in infrared small target detection (IRSTD) highly depends on the discriminability of extracted representations. However, most existing methods are confined to domain-consistent settings, while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Yimin Fu , Songbo Wang , Feiyan Wu , Jialin Lyu , Zhunga Liu , Michael K. Ng

Infrared small target (IRST) detection is challenging in simultaneously achieving precise, robust, and efficient performance due to extremely dim targets and strong interference. Current learning-based methods attempt to leverage ``more"…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Ruojing Li , Wei An , Yingqian Wang , Xinyi Ying , Yimian Dai , Longguang Wang , Miao Li , Yulan Guo , Li Liu

\textcolor{blue}{This is the pre-acceptance version, to read the final version please go to \href{https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11156113}{IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing on IEEE Xplore}.} Infrared small target…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Guoyi Zhang , Guangsheng Xu , Siyang Chen , Han Wang , Xiaohu Zhang

Infrared small target detection (ISTD) has been a critical technology in defense and civilian applications over the past several decades, such as missile warning, maritime surveillance, and disaster monitoring. Nevertheless, moving infrared…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Yian Huang , Qing Qin , Aji Mao , Xiangyu Qiu , Liang Xu , Xian Zhang , Zhenming Peng

Infrared Small Target Detection (IRSTD) faces significant challenges due to low signal-to-noise ratios, complex backgrounds, and the absence of discernible target features. While deep learning-based encoder-decoder frameworks have advanced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Xuelin Qian , Jiaming Lu , Zixuan Wang , Wenxuan Wang , Zhongling Huang , Dingwen Zhang , Junwei Han

Infrared small target detection plays a crucial role in military reconnaissance and air defense systems. However,existing low-rank sparse based methods still face high computational complexity when dealing with low-contrast small targets…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-04 Ke-Xin Li

Many state-of-the-art methods have been proposed for infrared small target detection. They work well on the images with homogeneous backgrounds and high-contrast targets. However, when facing highly heterogeneous backgrounds, they would not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-03-28 Yimian Dai , Yiquan Wu

Thermal infrared target tracking is crucial in applications such as surveillance, autonomous driving, and military operations. In this paper, we propose a novel tracker, SMTT, which effectively addresses common challenges in thermal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Shang Zhang , HuiPan Guan , XiaoBo Ding , Ruoyan Xiong , Yue Zhang

Infrared small target detection is currently a hot and challenging task in computer vision. Existing methods usually focus on mining visual features of targets, which struggles to cope with complex and diverse detection scenarios. The main…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Feng Huang , Shuyuan Zheng , Zhaobing Qiu , Huanxian Liu , Huanxin Bai , Liqiong Chen

Infrared small target detection is an important fundamental task in the infrared system. Therefore, many infrared small target detection methods have been proposed, in which the low-rank model has been used as a powerful tool. However, most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-29 Ting Liu , Jungang Yang , Boyang Li , Chao Xiao , Yang Sun , Yingqian Wang , Wei An

IRSTD (InfraRed Small Target Detection) detects small targets in infrared blurry backgrounds and is essential for various applications. The detection task is challenging due to the small size of the targets and their sparse distribution in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Pranav Singh , Pravendra Singh

Infrared small target detection (IRSTD) faces the inherent challenge of precisely localizing dim targets amid complex background clutter. While progress has been made, existing methods usually follow conventional strategies to downsample…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Qian Xu , Chi Zhang , Qiming Zhang , Xi Li , Haojuan Yuan , Mingjin Zhang

Single-frame infrared small target (SIRST) detection aims to recognize small targets from clutter backgrounds. Recently, convolutional neural networks have achieved significant advantages in general object detection. With the development of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Yahao Lu , Yupei Lin , Han Wu , Xiaoyu Xian , Yukai Shi , Liang Lin

Recently, tensor data (or multidimensional array) have been generated in many modern applications, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in neuroscience and videos in video analysis. Many efforts are made in recent years to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Jiaqi Zhang , Yinghao Cai , Zhaoyang Wang , Beilun Wang

To mitigate the issue of minimal intrinsic features for pure data-driven methods, in this paper, we propose a novel model-driven deep network for infrared small target detection, which combines discriminative networks and conventional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-11-10 Yimian Dai , Yiquan Wu , Fei Zhou , Kobus Barnard

Infrared small target detection (ISTD) is challenging due to complex backgrounds, low signal-to-clutter ratios, and varying target sizes and shapes. Effective detection relies on capturing local contextual information at the appropriate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Guoyi Zhang , Guangsheng Xu , Han Wang , Siyang Chen , Yunxiao Shan , Xiaohu Zhang

In recent years, the detection of infrared small targets using deep learning methods has garnered substantial attention due to notable advancements. To improve the detection capability of small targets, these methods commonly maintain a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-09 Qianchen Mao , Qiang Li , Bingshu Wang , Yongjun Zhang , Tao Dai , C. L. Philip Chen

Due to the complicated background and noise of infrared images, infrared small target detection is one of the most difficult problems in the field of computer vision. In most existing studies, semantic segmentation methods are typically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Yuhang Chen , Liyuan Li , Xin Liu , Xiaofeng Su , Fansheng Chen
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