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Digital quantum computing promises to offer computational capabilities beyond the reach of classical systems, yet its capabilities are often challenged by scarce quantum resources. A critical bottleneck in this context is how to load…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-02 Kaining Zhang , Xinbiao Wang , Yuxuan Du , Min-Hsiu Hsieh , Dacheng Tao

The paradigm behind digital quantum computing inherits the idea of using binary information processing. Nature in fact gives much more rich structures of physical objects that can be used for encoding information, which is especially…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-04 Evgeniy O. Kiktenko , Anastasiia S. Nikolaeva , Aleksey K. Fedorov

Realizing a conceptual quantum algorithm on an actual physical device necessitates the algorithm's quantum circuit description to undergo certain transformations in order to adhere to all constraints imposed by the hardware. In this regard,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-11 Lukas Burgholzer , Rudy Raymond , Robert Wille

Fault-tolerant quantum computers rely on Quantum Error-Correcting Codes (QECCs) to protect information from noise. However, no single error-correcting code supports a fully transversal and therefore fault-tolerant implementation of all…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-05 Erik Weilandt , Tom Peham , Robert Wille

The demonstration of quantum error correction (QEC) is one of the most important milestones in the realization of fully-fledged quantum computers. Toward this, QEC experiments using the surface codes have recently been actively conducted.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-12 Mitsuki Katsuda , Kosuke Mitarai , Keisuke Fujii

Quantum computers will eventually reach a size at which quantum error correction becomes imperative. Quantum information can be protected from qubit imperfections and flawed control operations by encoding a single logical qubit in multiple…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-15 N. M. Linke , M. Gutierrez , K. A. Landsman , C. Figgatt , S. Debnath , K. R. Brown , C. Monroe

Near-term quantum computers are primarily limited by errors in quantum operations (or gates) between two quantum bits (or qubits). A physical machine typically provides a set of basis gates that include primitive 2-qubit (2Q) and 1-qubit…

A fundamental challenge for quantum information processing is reducing the impact of environmentally-induced errors. Quantum error detection (QED) provides one approach to handling such errors, in which errors are rejected when they are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-01-28 Y. P. Zhong , Z. L. Wang , John M. Martinis , A. N. Cleland , A. N. Korotkov , H. Wang

Near-term quantum computers have been built as intermediate-scale quantum devices and are fragile against quantum noise effects, namely, NISQ devices. Traditional quantum-error-correcting codes are not implemented on such devices and to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-18 Yusuke Hama , Hirofumi Nishi

This work presents the first thorough exploration of the attacks on the interface between gate-level and pulse-level quantum circuits and pulse-level quantum circuits themselves. Typically, quantum circuits and programs that execute on…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Chuanqi Xu , Jakub Szefer

Quantum computers based on superconducting circuits are experiencing a rapid development, aiming at outperforming classical computers in certain useful tasks in the near future. However, the currently available chip fabrication technologies…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-29 Asier Galicia , Borja Ramon , Enrique Solano , Mikel Sanz

Most quantum computing architectures to date natively support multi-valued logic, albeit being typically operated in a binary fashion. Multi-valued, or qudit, quantum processors have access to much richer forms of quantum entanglement,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-12 Kevin Mato , Martin Ringbauer , Stefan Hillmich , Robert Wille

Precision control over hybrid physical systems at the quantum level is important for the realization of many quantum-based technologies. In the field of quantum information processing (QIP) and quantum networking, various proposals discuss…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-01-20 T. R. Tan , J. P. Gaebler , Y. Lin , Y. Wan , R. Bowler , D. Leibfried , D. J. Wineland

Compiling quantum circuits to account for hardware restrictions is an essential part of the quantum computing stack. Circuit compilation allows us to adapt algorithm descriptions into a sequence of operations supported by real quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-14 Alejandro Villoria , Henning Basold , Alfons Laarman

Quantum algorithms offer an exponential speedup over classical algorithms for a range of computational problems. The fundamental mechanisms underlying quantum computation required the development and construction of quantum computers. These…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Shane Sweeney , Krishnendu Guha

Fault-tolerant quantum error correction provides a strategy to protect information processed by a quantum computer against noise which would otherwise corrupt the data. A fault-tolerant universal quantum computer must implement a universal…

Quantum information processing offers dramatic speedups, yet is famously susceptible to decoherence, the process whereby quantum superpositions decay into mutually exclusive classical alternatives, thus robbing quantum computers of their…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-08-21 Kristen L. Pudenz , Tameem Albash , Daniel A. Lidar

Efficiently entangling pairs of qubits is essential to fully harness the power of quantum computing. Here, we devise an exact protocol that simultaneously entangles arbitrary pairs of qubits on a trapped-ion quantum computer. The protocol…

Practical and useful quantum information processing (QIP) requires significant improvements with respect to current systems, both in error rates of basic operations and in scale. Individual trapped-ion qubits' fundamental qualities are…

Classical correlation can be locked via quantum means--quantum data locking. With a short secret key, one can lock an exponentially large amount of information, in order to make it inaccessible to unauthorized users without the key. Quantum…