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This work addresses image restoration tasks through the lens of inverse problems using unpaired datasets. In contrast to traditional approaches -- which typically assume full knowledge of the forward model or access to paired degraded and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Giacomo Meanti , Thomas Ryckeboer , Michael Arbel , Julien Mairal

Diffusion models have established new state of the art in a multitude of computer vision tasks, including image restoration. Diffusion-based inverse problem solvers generate reconstructions of exceptional visual quality from heavily…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-21 Zalan Fabian , Berk Tinaz , Mahdi Soltanolkotabi

In this work, we present numerical analysis for a distributed optimal control problem, with box constraint on the control, governed by a subdiffusion equation which involves a fractional derivative of order $\alpha\in(0,1)$ in time. The…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2017-12-22 Bangti Jin , Buyang Li , Zhi Zhou

Many interesting tasks in image restoration can be cast as linear inverse problems. A recent family of approaches for solving these problems uses stochastic algorithms that sample from the posterior distribution of natural images given the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-14 Bahjat Kawar , Michael Elad , Stefano Ermon , Jiaming Song

Diffusion model-based image restoration (IR) aims to use diffusion models to recover high-quality (HQ) images from degraded images, achieving promising performance. Due to the inherent property of diffusion models, most existing methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Jiezhang Cao , Yue Shi , Kai Zhang , Yulun Zhang , Radu Timofte , Luc Van Gool

Image deblurring is an ill-posed problem with multiple plausible solutions for a given input image. However, most existing methods produce a deterministic estimate of the clean image and are trained to minimize pixel-level distortion. These…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-30 Jay Whang , Mauricio Delbracio , Hossein Talebi , Chitwan Saharia , Alexandros G. Dimakis , Peyman Milanfar

Solving inverse problems without any training involves using a pretrained generative model and making appropriate modifications to the generation process to avoid finetuning of the generative model. While recent methods have explored the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Ashwini Pokle , Matthew J. Muckley , Ricky T. Q. Chen , Brian Karrer

In this paper, we consider a risk-averse control problem for diffusion processes, in which there is a partition of the admissible control strategy into two decision-making groups (namely, the {\it leader} and {\it follower}) with different…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-01-03 Getachew K. Befekadu , Alexander Veremyev , Eduardo L. Pasiliao

Diffusion-based inverse algorithms have shown remarkable performance across various inverse problems, yet their reliance on numerous denoising steps incurs high computational costs. While recent developments of fast diffusion ODE solvers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Jiawei Zhang , Ziyuan Liu , Leon Yan , Gen Li , Yuantao Gu

Adapting pretrained diffusion models to downstream objectives such as inverse problems often requires expensive test-time guidance or optimization. We propose a principled framework for generating high-quality reward-aligned samples at…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Kushagra Pandey , Farrin Marouf Sofian , Jan Niklas Groeneveld , Felix Draxler , Stephan Mandt

Diffusion models have become a successful approach for solving various image inverse problems by providing a powerful diffusion prior. Many studies tried to combine the measurement into diffusion by score function replacement, matrix…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Hanyu Chen , Zhixiu Hao , Liying Xiao

Using diffusion priors to solve inverse problems in imaging have significantly matured over the years. In this chapter, we review the various different approaches that were proposed over the years. We categorize the approaches into the more…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Hyungjin Chung , Jeongsol Kim , Jong Chul Ye

Inverse medium scattering is an ill-posed, nonlinear wave-based imaging problem arising in medical imaging, remote sensing, and non-destructive testing. Machine learning (ML) methods offer increased inference speed and flexibility in…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-12-12 Olivia Tsang , Owen Melia , Vasileios Charisopoulos , Jeremy Hoskins , Yuehaw Khoo , Rebecca Willett

We propose a new approach to linear ill-posed inverse problems. Our algorithm alternates between enforcing two constraints: the measurements and the statistical correlation structure in some transformed space. We use a non-linear multiscale…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Ivan Dokmanić , Joan Bruna , Stéphane Mallat , Maarten de Hoop

Diffusion models have emerged as effective distribution estimators in vision, language, and reinforcement learning, but their use as priors in downstream tasks poses an intractable posterior inference problem. This paper studies amortized…

The inverse design of metasurfaces faces inherent challenges due to the nonlinear and highly complex relationship between geometric configurations and their electromagnetic behavior. Traditional optimization approaches often suffer from…

The controllable generation of diffusion models aims to steer the model to generate samples that optimize some given objective functions. It is desirable for a variety of applications including image generation, molecule generation, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Owen Oertell , Shikun Sun , Yiding Chen , Jin Peng Zhou , Zhiyong Wang , Wen Sun

Diffusion models (DMs) have proven to be effective in modeling high-dimensional distributions, leading to their widespread adoption for representing complex priors in Bayesian inverse problems (BIPs). However, current DM-based posterior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Haoxuan Chen , Yinuo Ren , Martin Renqiang Min , Lexing Ying , Zachary Izzo

Denoising diffusion models are a powerful type of generative models used to capture complex distributions of real-world signals. However, their applicability is limited to scenarios where training samples are readily available, which is not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-20 Ayush Tewari , Tianwei Yin , George Cazenavette , Semon Rezchikov , Joshua B. Tenenbaum , Frédo Durand , William T. Freeman , Vincent Sitzmann

Derivative based optimization methods are efficient at solving optimal control problems near local optima. However, their ability to converge halts when derivative information vanishes. The inference approach to optimal control does not…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Daniel Layeghi , Steve Tonneau , Michael Mistry