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In scenarios with long-tailed distributions, the model's ability to identify tail classes is limited due to the under-representation of tail samples. Class rebalancing, information augmentation, and other techniques have been proposed to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Yanbiao Ma , Licheng Jiao , Fang Liu , Shuyuan Yang , Xu Liu , Lingling Li

How to estimate the uncertainty of a given model is a crucial problem. Current calibration techniques treat different classes equally and thus implicitly assume that the distribution of training data is balanced, but ignore the fact that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-14 Jiahao Chen , Bing Su

We propose GradTail, an algorithm that uses gradients to improve model performance on the fly in the face of long-tailed training data distributions. Unlike conventional long-tail classifiers which operate on converged - and possibly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-20 Zhao Chen , Vincent Casser , Henrik Kretzschmar , Dragomir Anguelov

Long-tailed distributions in class-imbalanced data present a fundamental challenge for deep learning models, which tend to be biased toward majority classes. While recent methods for long-tailed recognition have mitigated this issue, they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Heegeon Yoon , Heeyoung Kim

The imbalanced distribution of long-tailed data presents a considerable challenge for deep learning models, as it causes them to prioritize the accurate classification of head classes but largely disregard tail classes. The biased decision…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Mengke Li , Zhikai Hu , Yang Lu , Weichao Lan , Yiu-ming Cheung , Hui Huang

Long-tailed classification, where a small number of frequent classes dominate many rare ones, remains challenging because models systematically favor frequent classes at inference time. Existing post-hoc methods such as logit adjustment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Zhanliang Wang , Hongzhuo Chen , Quan Minh Nguyen , Mian Umair Ahsan , Kai Wang

Conformal prediction has emerged as a rigorous means of providing deep learning models with reliable uncertainty estimates and safety guarantees. Yet, its performance is known to degrade under distribution shift and long-tailed class…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-06 Kevin Kasa , Graham W. Taylor

Real-world visual data often exhibits a long-tailed distribution, where some ''head'' classes have a large number of samples, yet only a few samples are available for ''tail'' classes. Such imbalanced distribution causes a great challenge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-03-11 Junjie Zhang , Lingqiao Liu , Peng Wang , Chunhua Shen

Many data distributions in the real world are hardly uniform. Instead, skewed and long-tailed distributions of various kinds are commonly observed. This poses an interesting problem for machine learning, where most algorithms assume or work…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Charika de Alvis , Suranga Seneviratne

Long-tailed relation classification is a challenging problem as the head classes may dominate the training phase, thereby leading to the deterioration of the tail performance. Existing solutions usually address this issue via…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-26 Haiyang Yu , Ningyu Zhang , Shumin Deng , Zonggang Yuan , Yantao Jia , Huajun Chen

Methods in long-tail learning focus on improving performance for data-poor (rare) classes; however, performance for such classes remains much lower than performance for more data-rich (frequent) classes. Analyzing the predictions of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Nadine Chang , Jayanth Koushik , Aarti Singh , Martial Hebert , Yu-Xiong Wang , Michael J. Tarr

Real-world datasets often exhibit long-tailed distributions, where a few dominant "Head" classes have abundant samples while most "Tail" classes are severely underrepresented, leading to biased learning and poor generalization for the Tail.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Mahdiyar Molahasani , Michael Greenspan , Ali Etemad

Unlike the case when using a balanced training dataset, the per-class recall (i.e., accuracy) of neural networks trained with an imbalanced dataset are known to vary a lot from category to category. The convention in long-tailed recognition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Yingxiao Du , Jianxin Wu

Diffusion models have made significant advances recently in high-quality image synthesis and related tasks. However, diffusion models trained on real-world datasets, which often follow long-tailed distributions, yield inferior fidelity for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Divin Yan , Lu Qi , Vincent Tao Hu , Ming-Hsuan Yang , Meng Tang

Balancing training on long-tail data distributions remains a long-standing challenge in deep learning. While methods such as re-weighting and re-sampling help alleviate the imbalance issue, limited sample diversity continues to hinder…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Shizhen Zhao , Xin Wen , Jiahui Liu , Chuofan Ma , Chunfeng Yuan , Xiaojuan Qi

The real-world data distribution is essentially long-tailed, which poses great challenge to the deep model. In this work, we propose a new method, Gradual Balanced Loss and Adaptive Feature Generator (GLAG) to alleviate imbalance. GLAG…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-02 Zihan Zhang , Xiang Xiang

Real-world data often exhibits a long-tailed distribution, in which head classes occupy most of the data, while tail classes only have very few samples. Models trained on long-tailed datasets have poor adaptability to tail classes and the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Qiong Chen , Tianlin Huang , Geren Zhu , Enlu Lin

Although contrastive learning methods have shown prevailing performance on a variety of representation learning tasks, they encounter difficulty when the training dataset is long-tailed. Many researchers have combined contrastive learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Min-Kook Suh , Seung-Woo Seo

Recognition problems in long-tailed data, in which the sample size per class is heavily skewed, have gained importance because the distribution of the sample size per class in a dataset is generally exponential unless the sample size is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Naoya Hasegawa , Issei Sato

Most existing methods that cope with noisy labels usually assume that the class distributions are well balanced, which has insufficient capacity to deal with the practical scenarios where training samples have imbalanced distributions. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Chaowei Fang , Lechao Cheng , Huiyan Qi , Dingwen Zhang