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The IEEE 802.11 family of standards, better known as WiFi, is a widely used protocol utilized by billions of users. Previous works on WiFi formal verification have mostly focused on the four-way handshake and other security aspects.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Zilin Shen , Imtiaz Karim , Elisa Bertino

Current formal verification of security protocols relies on specialized researchers and complex tools, inaccessible to protocol designers who informally evaluate their work with emulators. This paper addresses this gap by embedding symbolic…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Kangfeng Ye , Roberto Metere , Poonam Yadav

The sumcheck protocol, introduced in 1992, is an interactive proof which is a key component of many probabilistic proof systems in computational complexity theory and cryptography, some of which have been deployed. However, none of these…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Azucena Garvía Bosshard , Jonathan Bootle , Christoph Sprenger

With today's quantum processors venturing into regimes beyond the capabilities of classical devices [1-3], we face the challenge to verify that these devices perform as intended, even when we cannot check their results on classical…

As software becomes more complex and assumes an even greater role in our lives, formal verification is set to become the gold standard in securing software systems into the future, since it can guarantee the absence of errors and entire…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-11-17 Carolina Carreira , João F. Ferreira , Alexandra Mendes , Nicolas Christin

Security of cryptographic protocols can be analysed by creating a model in a formal language and verifying the model in a tool. All such tools focus on the last part of the analysis, verification, and the interpretation of the specification…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-06 Roberto Metere , Luca Arnaboldi

We propose a protocol for verifiable remote voting with paper assurance. It is intended to augment existing postal voting procedures, allowing a ballot to be electronically constructed, printed on paper, then returned in the post. It allows…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-11-10 Eleanor McMurtry , Xavier Boyen , Chris Culnane , Kristian Gjøsteen , Thomas Haines , Vanessa Teague

Automated verification of security protocols based on dynamic root of trust, typically relying on protected hardware such as TPM, involves several challenges that we address in this paper. We model the semantics of trusted computing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-07-24 Sergiu Bursuc , Christian Johansen , Shiwei Xu

Formal verification techniques have been playing an important role in pre-silicon validation processes. One of the most important points considered in performing formal verification is to define good verification scopes; we should define…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2011-11-09 Yasushi Umezawa , Takeshi Shimizu

EMV is the international protocol standard for smartcard payment and is used in over 9 billion cards worldwide. Despite the standard's advertised security, various issues have been previously uncovered, deriving from logical flaws that are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-18 David Basin , Ralf Sasse , Jorge Toro-Pozo

Formal verification has recently been increasingly used to prove the correctness and security of many applications. It is attractive because it can prove the absence of errors with the same certainty as mathematicians proving theorems.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Carolina Carreira , João F. Ferreira , Alexandra Mendes , Nicolas Christin

Research on vehicular networking (V2X) security has produced a range of security mechanisms and protocols tailored for this domain, addressing both security and privacy. Typically, the security analysis of these proposals has largely been…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-08-08 Jorden Whitefield , Liqun Chen , Frank Kargl , Andrew Paverd , Steve Schneider , Helen Treharne , Stephan Wesemeyer

There exists a verification gap between formal protocol specifications and their actual implementations, which this work aims to bridge via monitoring for compliance to the formal specification. We instrument the networking and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Kevin Morio , Robert Künnemann

Security APIs, key servers and protocols that need to keep the status of transactions, require to maintain a global, non-monotonic state, e.g., in the form of a database or register. However, most existing automated verification tools do…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-05-29 Steve Kremer , Robert Künnemann

The goal of this paper is to help mainstream programmers routinely use formal verification on their smart contracts by 1) proposing a new YAML-format for writing general-purpose formal specifications, 2) demonstrating how a formal…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2019-12-09 Suhabe Bugrara

Formal verification plays a crucial role in making smart contracts safer, being able to find bugs or to guarantee their absence, as well as checking whether the business logic is correctly implemented. For Solidity, even though there…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Massimo Bartoletti , Silvia Crafa , Enrico Lipparini

Even if the verification of authentication protocols can be achieved by means of formal analysis, the modelling of such an activity is an error-prone task due to the lack of automated and integrated processes. This paper proposes a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-10-07 Mariapia Raimondo , Stefano Marrone , Angelo Palladino

The complexity of digital embedded systems has been increasing in different safety-critical applications such as industrial automation, process control, transportation, and medical digital devices. The correct operation of these systems…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-04-28 Fayhaa Hameedi Khlaif , Shawkat Sabah Khairullah

We establish fundamental and general techniques for formal verification of quantum protocols. Quantum protocols are novel communication schemes involving the use of quantum-mechanical phenomena for representation, storage and transmission…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Simon Gay , Rajagopal Nagarajan , Nikolaos Papanikolaou

We present the first protocol allowing a classical computer to interactively verify the result of an efficient quantum computation. We achieve this by constructing a measurement protocol, which enables a classical verifier to use a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-11 Urmila Mahadev