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Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable reasoning capabilities given chain-of-thought prompts (examples with intermediate reasoning steps). Existing benchmarks measure reasoning ability indirectly, by evaluating accuracy on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-03 Abulhair Saparov , He He

Large language models (LLMs) have developed impressive performance and strong explainability across various reasoning scenarios, marking a significant stride towards mimicking human-like intelligence. Despite this, when tasked with several…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Kai Xiong , Xiao Ding , Ting Liu , Bing Qin , Dongliang Xu , Qing Yang , Hongtao Liu , Yixin Cao

The reasoning abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) are becoming a central focus of study in NLP. In this paper, we consider the case of syllogistic reasoning, an area of deductive reasoning studied extensively in logic and cognitive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Leonardo Bertolazzi , Albert Gatt , Raffaella Bernardi

Logical reasoning is a pivotal component in the field of artificial intelligence. Proof planning, particularly in contexts requiring the validation of explanation accuracy, continues to present challenges. The recent advancement of large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Ying Su , Mingwen Liu , Zhijiang Guo

Evaluating reasoning ability in Large Language Models (LLMs) is important for advancing artificial intelligence, as it transcends mere linguistic task performance. It involves understanding whether these models truly understand information,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Benjamin Grando Moreira

Vision-language models (VLMs) have recently demonstrated strong efficacy as visual assistants that can parse natural queries about the visual content and generate human-like outputs. In this work, we explore the ability of these models to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Yangyi Chen , Karan Sikka , Michael Cogswell , Heng Ji , Ajay Divakaran

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly employed for simulating human behaviors across diverse domains. However, our position is that current LLM-based human simulations remain insufficiently reliable, as evidenced by significant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Qian Wang , Jiaying Wu , Zichen Jiang , Zhenheng Tang , Bingqiao Luo , Nuo Chen , Wei Chen , Bingsheng He

Large Language Models (LLMs) are versatile, yet they often falter in tasks requiring deep and reliable reasoning due to issues like hallucinations, limiting their applicability in critical scenarios. This paper introduces a rigorously…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Saizhuo Wang , Zhihan Liu , Zhaoran Wang , Jian Guo

Causal reasoning is a core component of intelligence. Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in generating human-like text, raising questions about whether their responses reflect true understanding or statistical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Hanna M. Dettki , Brenden M. Lake , Charley M. Wu , Bob Rehder

Reasoning and linguistic skills form the cornerstone of human intelligence, facilitating problem-solving and decision-making. Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have led to impressive linguistic capabilities and emergent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Gaurav Arora , Srujana Merugu , Shreya Jain , Vaibhav Saxena

This paper investigates the cross-lingual inconsistencies observed in Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, Llama, and Baichuan, which have shown exceptional performance in various Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. Despite…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Xiaolin Xing , Zhiwei He , Haoyu Xu , Xing Wang , Rui Wang , Yu Hong

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as transformative tools in the healthcare sector, demonstrating remarkable capabilities in natural language understanding and generation. However, their proficiency in numerical reasoning,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Arjun R. Malghan

Large Language Models (LLMs) stand at the forefront of a number of Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks. Despite the widespread adoption of LLMs in NLP, much of their potential in broader fields remains largely unexplored, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Zhiqiang Zhong , Kuangyu Zhou , Davide Mottin

Grounded claim factuality checking is important for large language model (LLM) applications such as retrieval-augmented generation, as it helps users assess the correctness of generated outputs. Existing metrics using entailment classifiers…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Yuxuan Ye , Raul Santos-Rodriguez , Edwin Simpson

Large Language Models (LLMs) achieve strong performance on logical reasoning benchmarks, yet their reliability remains uncertain. Existing evaluations rely on static benchmarks, which fail to assess robustness under logically equivalent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Zenghui Zhou , Man Li , Xiaoke Fang , Xinyi Zhou , Weibin Li , Zheng Zheng

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence, particularly with the development of Large Language Models (LLMs) built on the transformer architecture, has redefined the capabilities of natural language processing. These models now…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Andrea Matarazzo , Riccardo Torlone

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to support the analysis of complex financial disclosures, yet their reliability, behavioral consistency, and transparency remain insufficiently understood in high-stakes settings. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Md Talha Mohsin

The performance of Large language models (LLMs) across a broad range of domains has been impressive but have been critiqued as not being able to reason about their process and conclusions derived. This is to explain the conclusions draw,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Rob Sullivan , Nelly Elsayed

Causal reasoning capabilities are essential for large language models (LLMs) in a wide range of applications, such as education and healthcare. But there is still a lack of benchmarks for a better understanding of such capabilities. Current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Ruibo Tu , Hedvig Kjellström , Gustav Eje Henter , Cheng Zhang

Large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, are able to generate human-like, fluent responses for many downstream tasks, e.g., task-oriented dialog and question answering. However, applying LLMs to real-world, mission-critical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Baolin Peng , Michel Galley , Pengcheng He , Hao Cheng , Yujia Xie , Yu Hu , Qiuyuan Huang , Lars Liden , Zhou Yu , Weizhu Chen , Jianfeng Gao
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