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Bridging logical reasoning and deep learning is crucial for advanced AI systems. In this work, we present a new framework that addresses this goal by generating interpretable and verifiable logical rules through differentiable learning,…
First-Order Boolean Networks with Non-deterministic updates (FOBNN) compute a boolean transition graph representing the absence and presence of species over time. The utility of FOBNNs has been justified by their theoretical soundness with…
In various scenarios, a single phase of modelling and solving is either not sufficient or not feasible to solve the problem at hand. A standard approach to solving AI planning problems, for example, is to incrementally extend the planning…
Whereas proof assistants based on Higher-Order Logic benefit from external solvers' automation, those based on Type Theory resist automation and thus require more expertise. Indeed, the latter use a more expressive logic which is further…
Logic provides a controlled testbed for evaluating LLM-based reasoners, yet standard SAT-style benchmarks often conflate surface difficulty (length, wording, clause order) with the structural phenomena that actually determine…
A fertile area of recent research has demonstrated concrete polynomial time lower bounds for solving natural hard problems on restricted computational models. Among these problems are Satisfiability, Vertex Cover, Hamilton Path, Mod6-SAT,…
Using multisets, we develop novel techniques for mechanizing the proofs of the synthesis conjectures for list-sorting algorithms, and we demonstrate them in the Theorema system. We use the classical principle of extracting the algorithm as…
A number of SAT-based analysis concepts and tools for software product lines exist, that extract code dependencies in propositional logic from the source code assets of the product line. On these extracted conditions, SAT-solvers are used…
Encoding finite linear CSPs as Boolean formulas and solving them by using modern SAT solvers has proven to be highly effective, as exemplified by the award-winning sugar system. We here develop an alternative approach based on ASP. This…
Second-order quantifier-elimination is the problem of finding, given a formula with second-order quantifiers, a logically equivalent first-order formula. While such formulas are not computable in general, there are practical algorithms and…
We describe a translation from a fragment of SUMO (SUMO-K) into higher-order set theory. The translation provides a formal semantics for portions of SUMO which are beyond first-order and which have previously only had an informal…
We present a Bounded Model Checking technique for higher-order programs. The vehicle of our study is a higher-order calculus with general references. Our technique is a symbolic state syntactical translation based on SMT solvers, adapted to…
Incremental SAT and QBF solving potentially yields improvements when sequences of related formulas are solved. An incremental application is usually tailored towards some specific solver and decomposes a problem into incremental solver…
This paper reviews the recent literature on solving the Boolean satisfiability problem (SAT), an archetypal NP-complete problem, with the help of machine learning techniques. Despite the great success of modern SAT solvers to solve large…
In this article we consider the inversion problem for polynomially computable discrete functions. These functions describe behavior of many discrete systems and are used in model checking, hardware verification, cryptanalysis, computer…
In this paper we demonstrate how logic programming systems and Automated first-order logic Theorem Provers (ATPs) can improve the accuracy of Large Language Models (LLMs) for logical reasoning tasks where the baseline performance is given…
DO-178C stands out as a guiding standard for aviation system development processes. This standard not only mandates ensuring the consistency of requirements in the software verification process but also recognizes it as a mandatory element.…
Instances of logical cryptanalysis, circuit verification, and bounded model checking can often be succinctly represented as a combined satisfiability (SAT) problem where an instance is a combination of traditional clauses and parity…
Program analysis and verification require decision procedures to reason on theories of data structures. Many problems can be reduced to the satisfiability of sets of ground literals in theory T. If a sound and complete inference system for…
We study preprocessing techniques for clause normal forms of LTL formulas. Applying the mechanism of labelled clauses enables us to reinterpret LTL satisfiability as a set of purely propositional problems and thus to transfer simplification…