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Let $m,n,s,k$ be four integers such that $3\leq s \leq n$, $3\leq k\leq m$ and $ms=nk$. Set $d=\gcd(s,k)$. In this paper we show how one can construct a Heffter array $H(m,n;s,k)$ starting from a square Heffter array $H(nk/d;d)$ whose…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-09-10 Fiorenza Morini , Marco Antonio Pellegrini

The notion of a Heffter array, which received much attention in the last decade, is equivalent to a pair of orthogonal Heffter systems. In this paper we study the existence problem of a set of $r$ mutually orthogonal Heffter systems for any…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-18 Marco Buratti , Anita Pasotti

A square integer relative Heffter array is an $n \times n$ array whose rows and columns sum to zero, each row and each column has exactly $k$ entries and either $x$ or $-x$ appears in the array for every $x \in \mathbb{Z}_{2nk+t}\setminus…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-12 Diane Donovan , Sarah Lawson , James Lefevre

After extending the classic notion of a tight Heffter array H$(m,n)$ to any group of order $2mn+1$, we give direct constructions for elementary abelian tight Heffter arrays, hence in particular for prime tight Heffter arrays. If $q=2mn+1$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-02-14 Marco Buratti

A tight Heffter array H(m,n) is an m x n matrix with nonzero entries from Z_{2mn+1} such that i) the sum of the elements in each row and each column is 0, and ii) no element from {x,-x\ appears twice. We prove that H(m,n) exist if and only…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-09-02 Dan S. Archdeacon , Tomas Boothby , Jeffrey H. Dinitz

Heffter arrays are combinatorial structures used to construct orthogonal cyclic cycle decompositions and biembeddings of complete graphs onto surfaces. A Heffter array $H(m,n;h,k)$ is an $m \times n$ partially filled array with distinct…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-23 Erik Pelttari , Selda Kücükçifçi , E. Şule Yazıcı

A $(v,k;r)$ Heffter space is a resolvable $(v_r,b_k)$ configuration whose points form a half-set of an abelian group $G$ and whose blocks are all zero-sum in $G$. It was recently proved that there are infinitely many orders $v$ for which,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-08-23 Marco Buratti , Anita Pasotti

Relative Heffter arrays, denoted by $\mathrm{H}_t(m,n; s,k)$, have been introduced as a generalization of the classical concept of Heffter array. A $\mathrm{H}_t(m,n; s,k)$ is an $m\times n$ partially filled array with elements in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-03-04 Simone Costa , Anita Pasotti , Marco Antonio Pellegrini

In this paper, we make significant progress on a conjecture proposed by Dan Archdeacon on the existence of integer Heffter arrays $H(m,n;s,k)$ whenever the necessary conditions hold, that is, $3\leqslant s \leqslant n$, $3\leqslant…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-23 Marco Antonio Pellegrini , Tommaso Traetta

A Heffter array $H(n;k)$ is an $n\times n$ matrix such that each row and column contains $k$ filled cells, each row and column sum is divisible by $2nk+1$ and either $x$ or $-x$ appears in the array for each integer $1\leq x\leq nk$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-08-09 Nicholas J. Cavenagh , Jeff Dinitz , Diane Donovan , Sule Yazıcı

In this paper, we introduce the concept of a relative Heffter space which simultaneously generalizes those of relative Heffter arrays and Heffter spaces. Given a subgroup $J$ of an abelian group $G$, a relative Heffter space is a resolvable…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-03-11 Laura Johnson , Lorenzo Mella , Anita Pasotti

Square Heffter arrays are $n\times n$ arrays such that each row and each column contains $k$ filled cells, each row and column sum is divisible by $2nk+1$ and either $x$ or $-x$ appears in the array for each integer $1\leq x\leq nk$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-07-29 K. Burrage , Nicholas J. Cavenagh , D. Donovan , E. Ş. Yazıcı

We give a variety of magic hexagons of Orders from 3 to 7, many of which are extensions of known results. We also give a theorem that their are an infinite number of magic hexagons of Order $n$ for any fixed positive integer $n$ for any…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2025-08-18 Geoffrey B. Campbell

Square relative non-zero sum Heffter arrays, denoted by $\mathrm{N}\mathrm{H}_t(n;k)$, have been introduced as a variant of the classical concept of Heffter array. An $\mathrm{N}\mathrm{H}_t(n; k)$ is an $n\times n$ partially filled array…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-05-23 Lorenzo Mella , Anita Pasotti

A Heffter array $H(m,n;s,t)$ is an $m \times n$ matrix with nonzero entries from $\mathbb{Z}_{2ms+1}$ such that $i)$ each row contains $s$ filled cells and each column contains $t$ filled cells, $ii)$ every row and column sum to 0, and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-12-30 D. S. Archdeacon , J. H. Dinitz , D. M. Donovan , Ermine Şule Yaızı

We obtain a general concept of triplet of Hilbert spaces with closed (unbounded) embeddings instead of continuous (bounded) ones. The construction starts with a positive selfadjoint operator $H$, that is called the Hamiltonian of the…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-11-04 Petru Cojuhari , Aurelian Gheondea

We construct two Hilbert spaces over the set of all metrics of arbitrary but fixed signature, defined on a manifold. Every state in one of the Hilbert spaces is built of an uncountable number of wave functions representing some elementary…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-03-29 Andrzej Okolow

In this paper we define a new class of partially filled arrays, called relative Heffter arrays, that are a generalization of the Heffter arrays introduced by Archdeacon in 2015. Let $v=2nk+t$ be a positive integer, where $t$ divides $2nk$,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-17 Simone Costa , Fiorenza Morini , Anita Pasotti , Marco Antonio Pellegrini

We study those operators on a Hilbert space that can be lifted / extended to any twisted Hilbert space. We prove that these form an ideal of operators which contains all the Schatten classes. We characterize those multiplication operators…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2021-12-08 Félix Cabello Sánchez , Ricardo García

We classify indefinite simply connected hyper-Kaehler symmetric spaces. Any such space without flat factor has commutative holonomy group and signature (4m,4m). We establish a natural 1-1 correspondence between simply connected…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Dmitri V. Alekseevsky , Vicente Cortes
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