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Automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems are designed to transcribe spoken language into written text and find utility in a variety of applications including voice assistants and transcription services. However, it has been observed that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Anand Kumar Rai , Siddharth D Jaiswal , Animesh Mukherjee

This paper presents a novel deep learning architecture for acoustic model in the context of Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR), termed as MixNet. Besides the conventional layers, such as fully connected layers in DNN-HMM and memory cells in…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-12-03 Vishwanath Pratap Singh , Shakti P. Rath , Abhishek Pandey

Automatic Speech Understanding (ASU) aims at human-like speech interpretation, providing nuanced intent, emotion, sentiment, and content understanding from speech and language (text) content conveyed in speech. Typically, training a robust…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Tiantian Feng , Xuan Shi , Rahul Gupta , Shrikanth S. Narayanan

Interactions with virtual assistants typically start with a predefined trigger phrase followed by the user command. To make interactions with the assistant more intuitive, we explore whether it is feasible to drop the requirement that users…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Dominik Wagner , Alexander Churchill , Siddharth Sigtia , Panayiotis Georgiou , Matt Mirsamadi , Aarshee Mishra , Erik Marchi

Despite the impressive performance recently achieved by automatic speech recognition (ASR), we observe two primary challenges that hinder its broader applications: (1) The difficulty of introducing scalability into the model to support more…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-29 Zhongzhi Yu , Yang Zhang , Kaizhi Qian , Yonggan Fu , Yingyan Lin

Training state-of-the-art Automated Speech Recognition (ASR) models typically requires a substantial amount of transcribed speech. In this work, we demonstrate that a modality-matched joint speech and text model can be leveraged to train a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Zhehuai Chen , Ankur Bapna , Andrew Rosenberg , Yu Zhang , Bhuvana Ramabhadran , Pedro Moreno , Nanxin Chen

Recent advancements in supervised automatic speech recognition (ASR) have achieved remarkable performance, largely due to the growing availability of large transcribed speech corpora. However, most languages lack sufficient paired speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Junrui Ni , Liming Wang , Yang Zhang , Kaizhi Qian , Heting Gao , Mark Hasegawa-Johnson , Chang D. Yoo

End-to-end modeling (E2E) of automatic speech recognition (ASR) blends all the components of a traditional speech recognition system into a unified model. Although it simplifies training and decoding pipelines, the unified model is hard to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-12-06 Zhehuai Chen , Mahaveer Jain , Yongqiang Wang , Michael L. Seltzer , Christian Fuegen

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) in conversational settings presents unique challenges, including extracting relevant contextual information from previous conversational turns. Due to irrelevant content, error propagation, and redundancy,…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Kun Wei , Bei Li , Hang Lv , Quan Lu , Ning Jiang , Lei Xie

Understanding the internal machinations of deep Transformer-based NLP models is more crucial than ever as these models see widespread use in various domains that affect the public at large, such as industry, academia, finance, health. While…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Dan Pluth , Zachary Nicholas Houghton , Yu Zhou , Vijay K. Gurbani

Speech-based virtual assistants, such as Amazon Alexa, Google assistant, and Apple Siri, typically convert users' audio signals to text data through automatic speech recognition (ASR) and feed the text to downstream dialog models for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Longshaokan Wang , Maryam Fazel-Zarandi , Aditya Tiwari , Spyros Matsoukas , Lazaros Polymenakos

End-to-end (E2E) systems have played a more and more important role in automatic speech recognition (ASR) and achieved great performance. However, E2E systems recognize output word sequences directly with the input acoustic feature, which…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-04 Qi Liu , Zhehuai Chen , Hao Li , Mingkun Huang , Yizhou Lu , Kai Yu

Only a handful of the world's languages are abundant with the resources that enable practical applications of speech processing technologies. One of the methods to overcome this problem is to use the resources existing in other languages to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-19 Piotr Żelasko , Laureano Moro-Velázquez , Mark Hasegawa-Johnson , Odette Scharenborg , Najim Dehak

Multimodal speech emotion recognition (SER) has emerged as pivotal for improving human-machine interaction. Researchers are increasingly leveraging both speech and textual information obtained through automatic speech recognition (ASR) to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Jiajun He , Xiaohan Shi , Cheng-Hung Hu , Jinyi Mi , Xingfeng Li , Tomoki Toda

Recently, Mixture of Experts (MoE) based Transformer has shown promising results in many domains. This is largely due to the following advantages of this architecture: firstly, MoE based Transformer can increase model capacity without…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-05-10 Zhao You , Shulin Feng , Dan Su , Dong Yu

Recent advances in deep learning and automatic speech recognition (ASR) have enabled the end-to-end (E2E) ASR system and boosted the accuracy to a new level. The E2E systems implicitly model all conventional ASR components, such as the…

We propose a first step toward multilingual end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) by integrating knowledge about speech articulators. The key idea is to leverage a rich set of fundamental units that can be defined "universally"…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-19 Hao Yen , Sabato Marco Siniscalchi , Chin-Hui Lee

Spoken language understanding (SLU) is a task aiming to extract high-level semantics from spoken utterances. Previous works have investigated the use of speech self-supervised models and textual pre-trained models, which have shown…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-08 Jiatong Shi , Chan-Jan Hsu , Holam Chung , Dongji Gao , Paola Garcia , Shinji Watanabe , Ann Lee , Hung-yi Lee

End-to-end models for robust automatic speech recognition (ASR) have not been sufficiently well-explored in prior work. With end-to-end models, one could choose to preprocess the input speech using speech enhancement techniques and train…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-15 Archiki Prasad , Preethi Jyothi , Rajbabu Velmurugan

Emotion Recognition in Conversations (ERC) presents unique challenges, requiring models to capture the temporal flow of multi-turn dialogues and to effectively integrate cues from multiple modalities. We propose Mixture of Speech-Text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Soumya Dutta , Smruthi Balaji , Sriram Ganapathy