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Optimization problems in finance, physics and computer science are typically very hard to tackle in classical computing and quantum computing could help speed up computations and provide efficient methods for tackling large problems.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-26 Dawei Zhong , Akhil Francis , Ermal Rrapaj

The intractability of deterministic solutions in solving $\mathcal{NP}$-Hard Combinatorial Optimisation Problems (COP) is well reported in the literature. One mechanism for overcoming this difficulty has been the use of efficient COP…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-25 Maxine T. Khumalo , Hazel A. Chieza , Krupa Prag , Matthew Woolway

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) has the potential to approximately solve complex combinatorial optimization problems in polynomial time. However, current noisy quantum devices cannot solve large problems due to…

Quantum error correction is an essential ingredient for reliable quantum computation for theoretically provable quantum speedup. Topological color codes, one of the quantum error correction codes, have an advantage against the surface codes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-02 Yugo Takada , Yusaku Takeuchi , Keisuke Fujii

In the era of Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) computing, available quantum resources are limited. Many NP-hard problems can be efficiently addressed using hybrid classical and quantum computational methods. This paper proposes a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-01 Dongmei Liu , Jian Li , Xiubo Cheng , Shibing Zhang , Yan Chang , Lili Yan

I propose a "quantum annealing" heuristic for the problem of combinatorial search among a frustrated set of states characterized by a cost function to be minimized. The algorithm is probabilistic, with postselection of the measurement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Carlo A. Trugenberger

With rapid advances in quantum hardware, a central question is whether quantum devices with or without full error correction can outperform classical computers on practically relevant problems. Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs) have…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-09 Adelina Bärligea , Benedikt Poggel , Jeanette Miriam Lorenz

Ising machines have the potential to realize fast and highly accurate solvers for combinatorial optimization problems. They are classified based on their internal algorithms. Examples include simulated-annealing-based Ising machines…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-11-15 Shuta Kikuchi , Nozomu Togawa , Shu Tanaka

Combinatorial optimization problems are computationally hard in general, but they are ubiquitous in our modern life. A coherent Ising machine (CIM) based on a multiple-pulse degenerate optical parametric oscillator (DOPO) is an alternative…

The Quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a leading hybrid classical-quantum algorithm for solving complex combinatorial optimization problems. QAOA-in-QAOA (QAOA^2) uses a divide-and-conquer heuristic to solve large-scale…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-27 Aniello Esposito , Tamuz Danzig

Variational quantum algorithms and, in particular, variants of the varational quantum eigensolver have been proposed to address combinatorial optimization (CO) problems. Using only shallow ansatz circuits, these approaches are deemed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-14 Tim Schwägerl , Yahui Chai , Tobias Hartung , Karl Jansen , Stefan Kühn

Combining quantum computers with classical compute power has become a standard means for developing algorithms that are eventually supposed to beat any purely classical alternatives. While in-principle advantages for solution quality or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-23 Simon Thelen , Wolfgang Mauerer

Quantum optimization holds promise for addressing classically intractable combinatorial problems, yet a standardized framework for benchmarking its performance, particularly in terms of solution quality, computational speed, and scalability…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-20 Monit Sharma , Hoong Chuin Lau

A hybrid quantum-classical algorithm is a computational scheme in which quantum circuits are used to extract information that is then processed by a classical routine to guide subsequent quantum operations. These algorithms are especially…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-03 Alon Levi , Ziv Ossi , Eliahu Cohen , Amit Te'eni

Quantum enhanced optimization of classical cost functions is a central theme of quantum computing due to its high potential value in science and technology. The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) and the quantum approximate optimization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-27 Giuseppe Scriva , Nikita Astrakhantsev , Sebastiano Pilati , Guglielmo Mazzola

One of the main limitations of variational quantum algorithms is the classical optimization of the highly dimensional non-convex variational parameter landscape. To simplify this optimization, we can reduce the search space using problem…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-28 Isak Lyngfelt , Laura García-Álvarez

We consider a classical and superadiabatic version of an iterative quantum adiabatic algorithm to solve combinatorial optimization problems. This algorithm is deterministic because it is based on purely classical dynamics, that is, it does…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-05-08 Takuya Hatomura

Quantum computing is a promising technology to address combinatorial optimization problems, for example via the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA). Its potential, however, hinges on scaling toy problems to sizes relevant for…

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is an approach for near-term quantum computers to potentially demonstrate computational advantage in solving combinatorial optimization problems. However, the viability of the QAOA…

Variational quantum algorithms offer fascinating prospects for the solution of combinatorial optimization problems using digital quantum computers. However, the achievable performance in such algorithms and the role of quantum correlations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-10 Gopal Chandra Santra , Fred Jendrzejewski , Philipp Hauke , Daniel J. Egger