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Class-incremental learning (CIL) has emerged as a means to learn new classes incrementally without catastrophic forgetting of previous classes. Recently, CIL has undergone a paradigm shift towards dynamic architectures due to their superior…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Sunyuan Qiang , Yanyan Liang , Jun Wan , Du Zhang

Continual Learning (CL) empowers AI models to continuously learn from sequential task streams. Recently, parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT)-based CL methods have garnered increasing attention due to their superior performance. They…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Lingfeng He , De Cheng , Zhiheng Ma , Huaijie Wang , Dingwen Zhang , Nannan Wang , Xinbo Gao

Continual learning (CL) provides a framework for training models in ever-evolving environments. Although re-occurrence of previously seen objects or tasks is common in real-world problems, the concept of repetition in the data stream is not…

Recently, foundation language models (LMs) have marked significant achievements in the domains of natural language processing (NLP) and computer vision (CV). Unlike traditional neural network models, foundation LMs obtain a great ability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Yutao Yang , Jie Zhou , Xuanwen Ding , Tianyu Huai , Shunyu Liu , Qin Chen , Yuan Xie , Liang He

Continual learning (CL) is a learning paradigm that emulates the human capability of learning and accumulating knowledge continually without forgetting the previously learned knowledge and also transferring the learned knowledge to help…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-12 Zixuan Ke , Bing Liu

Class incremental learning (CIL) is a challenging setting of continual learning, which learns a series of tasks sequentially. Each task consists of a set of unique classes. The key feature of CIL is that no task identifier (or task-id) is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-14 Haowei Lin , Yijia Shao , Weinan Qian , Ningxin Pan , Yiduo Guo , Bing Liu

Engineering problems that apply machine learning often involve computationally intensive methods but rely on limited datasets. As engineering data evolves with new designs and constraints, models must incorporate new knowledge over time.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Kaira M. Samuel , Faez Ahmed

The ability to learn in dynamic, nonstationary environments without forgetting previous knowledge, also known as Continual Learning (CL), is a key enabler for scalable and trustworthy deployments of adaptive solutions. While the importance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-25 Andrea Cossu , Antonio Carta , Davide Bacciu

The goal of continual learning is to improve the performance of recognition models in learning sequentially arrived data. Although most existing works are established on the premise of learning from scratch, growing efforts have been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Gengwei Zhang , Liyuan Wang , Guoliang Kang , Ling Chen , Yunchao Wei

Continual learning (CL) has emerged as a pivotal paradigm to enable large language models (LLMs) to dynamically adapt to evolving knowledge and sequential tasks while mitigating catastrophic forgetting-a critical limitation of the static…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Hongyang Chen , Zhongwu Sun , Hongfei Ye , Kunchi Li , Xuemin Lin

Class incremental learning (CIL) requires an agent to learn distinct tasks consecutively with knowledge retention against forgetting. Problems impeding the practical applications of CIL methods are twofold: (1) non-i.i.d batch streams and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Junda Wang , Minghui Hu , Ning Li , Abdulaziz Al-Ali , Ponnuthurai Nagaratnam Suganthan

Class Incremental Learning (CIL) is challenging due to catastrophic forgetting. On top of that, Exemplar-free Class Incremental Learning is even more challenging due to forbidden access to previous task data. Recent exemplar-free CIL…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Zichong Meng , Jie Zhang , Changdi Yang , Zheng Zhan , Pu Zhao , Yanzhi Wang

Continual Learning (CL) focuses on learning from dynamic and changing data distributions while retaining previously acquired knowledge. Various methods have been developed to address the challenge of catastrophic forgetting, including…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Zhenyi Wang , Yan Li , Li Shen , Heng Huang

Class-incremental learning (CIL) has been widely studied under the setting of starting from a small number of classes (base classes). Instead, we explore an understudied real-world setting of CIL that starts with a strong model pre-trained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Tz-Ying Wu , Gurumurthy Swaminathan , Zhizhong Li , Avinash Ravichandran , Nuno Vasconcelos , Rahul Bhotika , Stefano Soatto

Existing continual learning (CL) methods mainly rely on fine-tuning or adapting large language models (LLMs). They still suffer from catastrophic forgetting (CF). Little work has been done to exploit in-context learning (ICL) to leverage…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Saleh Momeni , Sahisnu Mazumder , Zixuan Ke , Bing Liu

The main purpose of incremental learning is to learn new knowledge while not forgetting the knowledge which have been learned before. At present, the main challenge in this area is the catastrophe forgetting, namely the network will lose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-13 Qiuyu Zhu , Zikuang He , Xin Ye

Continual Learning (CL) aims to incrementally update a trained model on new tasks without forgetting the acquired knowledge of old ones. Existing CL methods usually reduce forgetting with task priors, \ie using task identity or a subset of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Tao Zhuo , Zhiyong Cheng , Hehe Fan , Mohan Kankanhalli

Building learning agents that can progressively learn and accumulate knowledge is the core goal of the continual learning (CL) research field. Unfortunately, training a model on new data usually compromises the performance on past data. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-17 Timothée Lesort , Oleksiy Ostapenko , Diganta Misra , Md Rifat Arefin , Pau Rodríguez , Laurent Charlin , Irina Rish

Nowadays, real-world applications often face streaming data, which requires the learning system to absorb new knowledge as data evolves. Continual Learning (CL) aims to achieve this goal and meanwhile overcome the catastrophic forgetting of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Da-Wei Zhou , Hai-Long Sun , Jingyi Ning , Han-Jia Ye , De-Chuan Zhan

Continual learning (CL) studies how models acquire tasks sequentially while retaining previously learned knowledge. Despite substantial progress in benchmarking CL methods, comparative evaluations typically keep the fine-tuning regime…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Paul-Tiberiu Iordache , Elena Burceanu