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Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) mitigates hallucination in large language models (LLMs) by incorporating external knowledge during generation. However, the effectiveness of RAG depends not only on the design of the retriever and the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Xudong Wang , Chaoning Zhang , Qigan Sun , Zhenzhen Huang , Chang Lu , Sheng Zheng , Zeyu Ma , Caiyan Qin , Yang Yang , Hengtao Shen

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enhances large language models by incorporating context retrieved from external knowledge sources. While the effectiveness of the retrieval module is typically evaluated with relevance-based ranking…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Jia-Huei Ju , Suzan Verberne , Maarten de Rijke , Andrew Yates

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a prevalent approach to infuse a private knowledge base of documents with Large Language Models (LLM) to build Generative Q\&A (Question-Answering) systems. However, RAG accuracy becomes increasingly…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Kunal Sawarkar , Abhilasha Mangal , Shivam Raj Solanki

Domain-specific QA systems require not just generative fluency but high factual accuracy grounded in structured expert knowledge. While recent Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) frameworks improve context recall, they struggle with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 David Osei Opoku , Ming Sheng , Yong Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in a wide range of tasks, yet their application to specialized domains remains challenging due to the need for deep expertise. Retrieval-Augmented generation (RAG) has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Qinggang Zhang , Shengyuan Chen , Yuanchen Bei , Zheng Yuan , Huachi Zhou , Zijin Hong , Hao Chen , Yilin Xiao , Chuang Zhou , Junnan Dong , Yi Chang , Xiao Huang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is a technique that enhances the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) by incorporating external knowledge sources. This method addresses common LLM limitations, including outdated information and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Yuanjie Lyu , Zhiyu Li , Simin Niu , Feiyu Xiong , Bo Tang , Wenjin Wang , Hao Wu , Huanyong Liu , Tong Xu , Enhong Chen

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances the factual grounding of Large Language Models by conditioning their outputs on external documents. However, standard embedding-based retrievers treat naturally structured corpora, such as…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Giorgia Bolognesi , Claudio Estatico , Ulderico Fugacci , Isabella Mastroianni , Claudio Muselli , Luca Oneto

Graph-based Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) methods have significantly enhanced the performance of large language models (LLMs) in domain-specific tasks. However, existing RAG methods do not adequately utilize the naturally inherent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Haoyu Huang , Yongfeng Huang , Junjie Yang , Zhenyu Pan , Yongqiang Chen , Kaili Ma , Hongzhi Chen , James Cheng

E-Commerce customer support requires quick and accurate answers grounded in product data and past support cases. This paper develops a novel retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) framework that uses knowledge graphs (KGs) to improve the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Piyushkumar Patel

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a prominent method for incorporating domain knowledge into Large Language Models (LLMs). While RAG enhances response relevance by incorporating retrieved domain knowledge in the context,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Kushagra Bhushan , Yatin Nandwani , Dinesh Khandelwal , Sonam Gupta , Gaurav Pandey , Dinesh Raghu , Sachindra Joshi

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems using large language models (LLMs) often generate inaccurate responses due to the retrieval of irrelevant or loosely related information. Existing methods, which operate at the document level,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Ishneet Sukhvinder Singh , Ritvik Aggarwal , Ibrahim Allahverdiyev , Muhammad Taha , Aslihan Akalin , Kevin Zhu , Sean O'Brien

We propose a new method to measure the task-specific accuracy of Retrieval-Augmented Large Language Models (RAG). Evaluation is performed by scoring the RAG on an automatically-generated synthetic exam composed of multiple choice questions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Gauthier Guinet , Behrooz Omidvar-Tehrani , Anoop Deoras , Laurent Callot

Multi-entity question answering (MEQA) poses significant challenges for large language models (LLMs), which often struggle to consolidate scattered information across multiple documents. An example question might be "What is the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Teng Lin , Yizhang Zhu , Yuyu Luo , Nan Tang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) improves large language models (LLMs) by retrieving relevant information from external sources and has been widely adopted for text-based tasks. For structured data, such as knowledge graphs, Graph…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Haoyu Han , Li Ma , Yu Wang , Harry Shomer , Yongjia Lei , Zhisheng Qi , Kai Guo , Zhigang Hua , Bo Long , Hui Liu , Charu C. Aggarwal , Jiliang Tang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) represents a major advancement in natural language processing (NLP), combining large language models (LLMs) with information retrieval systems to enhance factual grounding, accuracy, and contextual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Agada Joseph Oche , Ademola Glory Folashade , Tirthankar Ghosal , Arpan Biswas

Effective knowledge management is critical for preserving institutional expertise and improving the efficiency of workforce training in state transportation agencies. Traditional approaches, such as static documentation, classroom-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Divija Amaram , Lu Gao , Gowtham Reddy Gudla , Tejaswini Sanjay Katale

Graph-based retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enriches large language models (LLMs) with external knowledge for long-context understanding and multi-hop reasoning, but existing methods face a granularity dilemma: fine-grained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Yaxiong Wu , Jianyuan Bo , Yongyue Zhang , Sheng Liang , Yong Liu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is an advanced technique designed to address the challenges of Artificial Intelligence-Generated Content (AIGC). By integrating context retrieval into content generation, RAG provides reliable and…

Despite their remarkable capabilities, large language models (LLMs) often produce responses containing factual inaccuracies due to their sole reliance on the parametric knowledge they encapsulate. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), an ad…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Akari Asai , Zeqiu Wu , Yizhong Wang , Avirup Sil , Hannaneh Hajishirzi

Large language models (LLMs), including zero-shot and few-shot paradigms, have shown promising capabilities in clinical text generation. However, real-world applications face two key challenges: (1) patient data is highly unstructured,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Garapati Keerthana , Manik Gupta