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It is important to protect quantum information against decoherence and operational errors, and quantum error-correcting (QEC) codes are the keys to solving this problem. Of course, just the existence of codes is not efficient. It is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jumpei Niwa , Keiji Matsumoto , Hiroshi Imai

Encoding quantum information in a quantum error correction (QEC) code offers protection against decoherence and enhances the fidelity of qubits and gate operations. One of the fundamental challenges of QEC is to construct codes with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-01 Jasper Johannes Postema , Servaas J. J. M. F. Kokkelmans

Resource theories play a crucial role in characterizing states and properties essential for quantum information processing. A significant challenge is protecting resources from errors. We explore strategies for correcting quantum resources.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-19 Mark Byrd , Daniel Dilley , Alvin Gonzales , Masaya Takahashi , Zain Saleem , Lian-Ao Wu

Proposals for quantum computing devices are many and varied. They each have unique noise processes that make none of them fully reliable at this time. There are several error correction/avoidance techniques which are valuable for reducing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Mark S. Byrd , Daniel A. Lidar

Achieving reliable performance on early fault-tolerant quantum hardware will depend on protocols that manage noise without incurring prohibitive overhead. We propose a novel framework that integrates quantum computation with the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-10 IlKwon Sohn , Changyeol Lee , Wooyeong Song , Kwangil Bae , Wonhyuk Lee

Quantum error correcting (QEC) codes protect quantum information from decoherence, as long as error rates fall below critical error thresholds. In general, obtaining thresholds implies simulating the QEC procedure using, in general,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-17 Luis Colmenarez , Ze-Min Huang , Sebastian Diehl , Markus Müller

Quantum error correction (QEC) underpins practical fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC) by addressing the fragility of quantum states and mitigating decoherence-induced errors. As quantum devices scale, integrating robust QEC protocols…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-17 Archisman Ghosh , Avimita Chatterjee , Swaroop Ghosh

The realization of quantum error correction protocols whose logical error rates are suppressed far below physical error rates relies on an intricate combination: the error-correcting code's efficiency, the syndrome extraction circuit's…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-06 Andrey Boris Khesin , Jonathan Z. Lu

Dynamical stabilizer codes (DSCs) have recently emerged as a powerful generalization of static stabilizer codes for quantum error correction, replacing a fixed stabilizer group with a sequence of non-commuting measurements. This dynamical…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-03-03 Rajath Radhakrishnan , Adar Sharon , Nathanan Tantivasadakarn

Typical stabilizer codes aim to solve the general problem of fault-tolerance without regard for the structure of a specific system. By incorporating a broader representation-theoretic perspective, we provide a generalized framework that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-30 Zachary P. Bradshaw , Margarite L. LaBorde , Dillon Montero

Errors in quantum computers are of two kinds: sudden perturbations to isolated qubits, and slow random drifts of all the qubits. The latter may be reduced, but not eliminated, by means of symmetrization, namely by using many replicas of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Asher Peres

Operator quantum error correction provides a unified framework for the known techniques of quantum error correction such as the standard error correction model, the method of decoherence-free subspaces, and the noiseless subsystem method.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-04-25 Ri Qu , Bing-jian Shang , Yan-ru Bao , Yi-ping Ma

Current approaches to fault-tolerant quantum computation will not enable useful quantum computation on near-term devices of 50 to 100 qubits. Leading proposals, such as the color code and surface code schemes, must devote a large fraction…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-11-08 Peter D. Johnson , Jonathan Romero , Jonathan Olson , Yudong Cao , Alán Aspuru-Guzik

This thesis explores the use of entangled states in quantum computation and quantum information science. Entanglement, a quantum phenomenon with no classical counterpart, has been identified as an important and quantifiable resource in many…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-08-12 Hyeyoun Chung

Scalable quantum computing and communication requires the protection of quantum information from the detrimental effects of decoherence and noise. Previous work tackling this problem has relied on the original circuit model for quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-04-23 B. A. Bell , D. A. Herrera-Martí , M. S. Tame , D. Markham , W. J. Wadsworth , J. G. Rarity

Quantum error correcting (QEC) codes protect quantum information against environmental noise. Computational errors caused by the environment change the quantum state within the qubit subspace, whereas quantum erasures correspond to the loss…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-26 Luis Colmenarez , Seyong Kim , Markus Müller

In the current Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) era of quantum computing, qubit technologies are prone to imperfections, giving rise to various errors such as gate errors, decoherence/dephasing, measurement errors, leakage, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-22 Avimita Chatterjee , Koustubh Phalak , Swaroop Ghosh

We present an algorithm for manipulating quantum information via a sequence of projective measurements. We frame this manipulation in the language of stabilizer codes: a quantum computation approach in which errors are prevented and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-09-26 Kristina R. Colladay , Erich J. Mueller

In this paper, we introduce a unified framework to construct entanglement-assisted quantum error-correcting codes, including additive and nonadditive codes, based on the codeword stabilized framework on subsystems. The codeword stabilized…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-08 Jeonghwan Shin , Jun Heo , Todd A. Brun

The purpose of this little survey is to give a simple description of the main approaches to quantum error correction and quantum fault-tolerance. Our goal is to convey the necessary intuitions both for the problems and their solutions in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Julia Kempe