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Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in handling complex dialogue tasks without requiring use case-specific fine-tuning. However, analyzing live dialogues in real-time necessitates low-latency processing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Xuanqing Liu , Luyang Kong , Wei Niu , Afshin Khashei , Belinda Zeng , Steve Johnson , Jon Jay , Davor Golac , Matt Pope

Large language models are powerful but often limited by high computational cost, privacy concerns, and English-centric training. Recent progress demonstrates that small, efficient models with around one billion parameters can deliver strong…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Anna Aksenova , Boris Zverkov , Nicola Dainese , Alexander Nikitin , Pekka Marttinen

Emerging intelligent service scenarios in 6G communication impose stringent requirements for low latency, high reliability, and privacy preservation. Generative large language models (LLMs) are gradually becoming key enablers for the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Pengyan Zhu , Tingting Yang

A prominent achievement of natural language processing (NLP) is its ability to understand and generate meaningful human language. This capability relies on complex feedforward transformer block architectures pre-trained on large language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Ronit D. Gross , Yarden Tzach , Tal Halevi , Ella Koresh , Ido Kanter

Function calling is a complex task with widespread applications in domains such as information retrieval, software engineering and automation. For example, a query to book the shortest flight from New York to London on January 15 requires…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Ishan Kavathekar , Raghav Donakanti , Ponnurangam Kumaraguru , Karthik Vaidhyanathan

Deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) on edge devices enhances privacy but faces performance hurdles due to limited resources. We introduce a systematic methodology to evaluate on-device LLMs, balancing capability, efficiency, and resource…

Specializing large language models (LLMs) for local deployment in domain-specific use cases is necessary for strong performance while meeting latency and privacy constraints. However, conventional task-specific adaptation approaches do not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Lanxiang Hu , Tajana Rosing , Hao Zhang

The emergence of large language models (LLMs) has significantly impacted various fields, from natural language processing to sectors like medicine and finance. However, despite their rapid proliferation, the applications of LLMs in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Ali Maatouk , Kenny Chirino Ampudia , Rex Ying , Leandros Tassiulas

Large language models (LLMs) with instruction fine-tuning demonstrate superior generative capabilities. However, these models are resource-intensive. To alleviate this issue, we explore distilling knowledge from instruction-tuned LLMs into…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Minghao Wu , Abdul Waheed , Chiyu Zhang , Muhammad Abdul-Mageed , Alham Fikri Aji

As large language models (LLMs) evolve, deploying them solely in the cloud or compressing them for edge devices has become inadequate due to concerns about latency, privacy, cost, and personalization. This survey explores a collaborative…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Senyao Li , Haozhao Wang , Wenchao Xu , Rui Zhang , Song Guo , Jingling Yuan , Xian Zhong , Tianwei Zhang , Ruixuan Li

Large language models (LLMs), which have shown remarkable capabilities, are revolutionizing AI development and potentially shaping our future. However, given their multimodality, the status quo cloud-based deployment faces some critical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Zheng Lin , Guanqiao Qu , Qiyuan Chen , Xianhao Chen , Zhe Chen , Kaibin Huang

Large language models (LLMs) are central to modern natural language processing, delivering exceptional performance in various tasks. However, their substantial computational and memory requirements present challenges, especially for devices…

Instruction tuning has been widely used to unleash the complete potential of large language models. Notably, complex and diverse instructions are of significant importance as they can effectively align models with various downstream tasks.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Tingfeng Hui , Lulu Zhao , Guanting Dong , Yaqi Zhang , Hua Zhou , Sen Su

Large Language Models (LLMs) have the potential to accelerate small molecule drug design due to their ability to reason about information from diverse sources and formats. However, their practical utility remains unclear due to the lack of…

Conventional mechanical design follows an iterative process in which initial concepts are refined through cycles of expert assessment and resource-intensive Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis to meet performance goals. While machine…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Yayati Jadhav , Amir Barati Farimani

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit impressive capabilities across a wide range of tasks, yet the choice of which model to use often involves a trade-off between performance and cost. More powerful models, though effective, come with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Isaac Ong , Amjad Almahairi , Vincent Wu , Wei-Lin Chiang , Tianhao Wu , Joseph E. Gonzalez , M Waleed Kadous , Ion Stoica

Language is essentially a complex, intricate system of human expressions governed by grammatical rules. It poses a significant challenge to develop capable AI algorithms for comprehending and grasping a language. As a major approach,…

Modern large language models (LLMs) driven by scaling laws, achieve intelligence emergency in large model sizes. Recently, the increasing concerns about cloud costs, latency, and privacy make it an urgent requirement to develop compact edge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Xingrun Xing , Zheng Liu , Shitao Xiao , Boyan Gao , Yiming Liang , Wanpeng Zhang , Haokun Lin , Guoqi Li , Jiajun Zhang

Small Language Models (SLMs) have become increasingly important due to their efficiency and performance to perform various language tasks with minimal computational resources, making them ideal for various settings including on-device,…

Edge computing processes data where it is generated, enabling faster decisions, lower bandwidth usage, and improved privacy. However, edge devices typically operate under strict constraints on processing power, memory, and energy…

Performance · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Pablo Prieto , Pablo Abad