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The use of Large Language Models (LLMs) as automatic judges for code evaluation is becoming increasingly prevalent in academic environments. But their reliability can be compromised by students who may employ adversarial prompting…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Devanshu Sahoo , Vasudev Majhi , Arjun Neekhra , Yash Sinha , Murari Mandal , Dhruv Kumar

Do generative AI models, particularly large language models (LLMs), exhibit systematic behavioral biases in economic and financial decisions? If so, how can these biases be mitigated? Drawing on the cognitive psychology and experimental…

General Economics · Economics 2026-02-11 Pietro Bini , Lin William Cong , Xing Huang , Lawrence J. Jin

This paper explores the design of a propaganda detection tool using Large Language Models (LLMs). Acknowledging the inherent biases in AI models, especially in political contexts, we investigate how these biases might be leveraged to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Liudmila Zavolokina , Kilian Sprenkamp , Zoya Katashinskaya , Daniel Gordon Jones

Large language models (LLMs) offer significant potential as tools to support an expanding range of decision-making tasks. Given their training on human (created) data, LLMs have been shown to inherit societal biases against protected…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Jessica Echterhoff , Yao Liu , Abeer Alessa , Julian McAuley , Zexue He

Background and Context: Large Language Models (LLMs) are more accessible and accurate than ever before, raising significant concerns for computing educators. One major concern is students using LLMs to bypass the effort needed to understand…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Peter Fowles , Erik Falor , Sulove Bhattarai , John Edwards , Seth Poulsen

Auto-evaluating language models (LMs), i.e., using a grader LM to evaluate the candidate LM, is an appealing way to accelerate the evaluation process and the cost associated with it. But this presents a paradox: how can we trust the grader…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Jin Peng Zhou , Sébastien M. R. Arnold , Nan Ding , Kilian Q. Weinberger , Nan Hua , Fei Sha

Receiving timely and personalized feedback is essential for second-language learners, especially when human instructors are unavailable. This study explores the effectiveness of Large Language Models (LLMs), including both proprietary and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Changrong Xiao , Wenxing Ma , Qingping Song , Sean Xin Xu , Kunpeng Zhang , Yufang Wang , Qi Fu

The use of large language models (LLMs) in peer review systems has attracted growing attention, making it essential to examine their potential vulnerabilities. Prior attacks rely on prompt injection, which alters manuscript content and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Masahiro Kaneko

The use of language technologies in high-stake settings is increasing in recent years, mostly motivated by the success of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, despite the great performance of LLMs, they are are susceptible to ethical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Alejandro Peña , Julian Fierrez , Aythami Morales , Gonzalo Mancera , Miguel Lopez , Ruben Tolosana

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly utilized in educational tasks such as providing writing suggestions to students. Despite their potential, LLMs are known to harbor inherent biases which may negatively impact learners. Previous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Thiemo Wambsganss , Xiaotian Su , Vinitra Swamy , Seyed Parsa Neshaei , Roman Rietsche , Tanja Käser

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized artificial intelligence, demonstrating remarkable computational power and linguistic capabilities. However, these models are inherently prone to various biases stemming from their training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Riccardo Cantini , Giada Cosenza , Alessio Orsino , Domenico Talia

Large language models (LLMs) are transforming research on machine learning while galvanizing public debates. Understanding not only when these models work well and succeed but also why they fail and misbehave is of great societal relevance.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Julian Coda-Forno , Kristin Witte , Akshay K. Jagadish , Marcel Binz , Zeynep Akata , Eric Schulz

This paper investigates the influence of cognitive biases on Large Language Models (LLMs) outputs. Cognitive biases, such as confirmation and availability biases, can distort user inputs through prompts, potentially leading to unfaithful…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Yan Sun , Stanley Kok

As modern large language models (LLMs) become integral to everyday tasks, concerns about their inherent biases and their potential impact on human decision-making have emerged. While bias in models are well-documented, less is known about…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Jillian Fisher , Shangbin Feng , Robert Aron , Thomas Richardson , Yejin Choi , Daniel W. Fisher , Jennifer Pan , Yulia Tsvetkov , Katharina Reinecke

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown significant promise in real-world decision-making tasks for embodied artificial intelligence, especially when fine-tuned to leverage their inherent common sense and reasoning abilities while being…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Ruochen Jiao , Shaoyuan Xie , Justin Yue , Takami Sato , Lixu Wang , Yixuan Wang , Qi Alfred Chen , Qi Zhu

Large Language Models (LLMs) push the bound-aries in natural language processing and generative AI, driving progress across various aspects of modern society. Unfortunately, the pervasive issue of bias in LLMs responses (i.e., predictions)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Isabela Pereira Gregio , Ian Pons , Anna Helena Reali Costa , Artur Jordão

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in natural language tasks, but their safety and morality remain contentious due to their training on internet text corpora. To address these concerns, alignment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Mohammad Bahrami Karkevandi , Nishant Vishwamitra , Peyman Najafirad

Financial institutions increasingly rely on large language models (LLMs) for high-stakes decision-making. However, these models risk perpetuating harmful biases if deployed without careful oversight. This paper investigates racial bias in…

General Economics · Economics 2025-06-24 Thomas R. Cook , Sophia Kazinnik

This paper investigates the subtle and often concealed biases present in Large Language Models (LLMs), focusing on implicit biases that may remain despite passing explicit bias tests. Implicit biases are significant because they influence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Serene Lim , María Pérez-Ortiz

Generative AI technologies, particularly Large Language Models (LLMs), have transformed information management systems but introduced substantial biases that can compromise their effectiveness in informing business decision-making. This…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Xiahua Wei , Naveen Kumar , Han Zhang