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As Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable capabilities learned from vast corpora, concerns regarding data privacy and safety are receiving increasing attention. LLM unlearning, which aims to remove the influence of specific…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Kai Qin , Jiaqi Wu , Jianxiang He , Haoyuan Sun , Yifei Zhao , Bin Liang , Yongzhe Chang , Tiantian Zhang , Houde Liu

Aligning large language models (LLMs) is a central objective of post-training, often achieved through reward modeling and reinforcement learning methods. Among these, direct preference optimization (DPO) has emerged as a widely adopted…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Aladin Djuhera , Farhan Ahmed , Swanand Ravindra Kadhe , Syed Zawad , Heiko Ludwig , Holger Boche

Aligning the output of Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences (e.g., by means of reinforcement learning with human feedback, or RLHF) is essential for ensuring their effectiveness in real-world scenarios. Despite significant…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Pietro Bernardelle , Gianluca Demartini

Recent advances in diffusion models have improved Real-World Image Super-Resolution (Real-ISR), but existing methods lack human feedback integration, risking misalignment with human preference and may leading to artifacts, hallucinations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Miaomiao Cai , Simiao Li , Wei Li , Xudong Huang , Hanting Chen , Jie Hu , Yunhe Wang

Human image generation is a key focus in image synthesis due to its broad applications, but even slight inaccuracies in anatomy, pose, or details can compromise realism. To address these challenges, we explore Direct Preference Optimization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Sanghyeon Na , Yonggyu Kim , Hyunjoon Lee

Preference optimization for diffusion and flow-matching models relies on reward functions that are both discriminatively robust and computationally efficient. Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have emerged as the primary reward provider,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Gongye Liu , Bo Yang , Yida Zhi , Zhizhou Zhong , Lei Ke , Didan Deng , Han Gao , Yongxiang Huang , Kaihao Zhang , Hongbo Fu , Wenhan Luo

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) effectively promotes preference alignment of text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models. To improve computational efficiency, direct preference optimization (DPO), which avoids explicit reward…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Zhikai Li , Yue Zhao , Edward Zhongwei Zhang , Xuewen Liu , Jing Zhang , Qingyi Gu , Zhen Dong

Text-to-3D generation automates 3D content creation from textual descriptions, which offers transformative potential across various fields. However, existing methods often struggle to align generated content with human preferences, limiting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Zhenglin Zhou , Xiaobo Xia , Fan Ma , Hehe Fan , Yi Yang , Tat-Seng Chua

Direct preference optimization (DPO) is a successful fine-tuning strategy for aligning large language models with human preferences without the need to train a reward model or employ reinforcement learning. DPO, as originally formulated,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Afra Amini , Tim Vieira , Ryan Cotterell

Video Quality Assessment (VQA) aims to evaluate video quality based on perceptual distortions and human preferences. Despite the promising performance of existing methods using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Vision Transformers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Wei-Ting Chen , Yu-Jiet Vong , Yi-Tsung Lee , Sy-Yen Kuo , Qiang Gao , Sizhuo Ma , Jian Wang

The last year has witnessed the rapid progress of large language models (LLMs) across diverse domains. Among them, CodeLLMs have garnered particular attention because they can not only assist in completing various programming tasks but also…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Yibo Miao , Bofei Gao , Shanghaoran Quan , Junyang Lin , Daoguang Zan , Jiaheng Liu , Jian Yang , Tianyu Liu , Zhijie Deng

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has demonstrated great promise in aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preference. Depending on the availability of preference data, both online and offline RLHF are active areas…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Shicong Cen , Jincheng Mei , Katayoon Goshvadi , Hanjun Dai , Tong Yang , Sherry Yang , Dale Schuurmans , Yuejie Chi , Bo Dai

Video action models are an appealing foundation for Vision--Language--Action systems because they can learn visual dynamics from large-scale video data and transfer this knowledge to downstream robot control. Yet current diffusion-based…

Panorama video recently attracts more interest in both study and application, courtesy of its immersive experience. Due to the expensive cost of capturing 360-degree panoramic videos, generating desirable panorama videos by prompts is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Qian Wang , Weiqi Li , Chong Mou , Xinhua Cheng , Jian Zhang

As the era of large language models (LLMs) unfolds, Preference Optimization (PO) methods have become a central approach to aligning LLMs with human preferences and improving performance. We propose Maximum a Posteriori Preference…

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has become a popular approach for aligning language models using pairwise preferences. However, in practical post-training pipelines, on-policy generation typically yields multiple candidate responses…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Taneesh Gupta , Rahul Madhavan , Xuchao Zhang , Nagarajan Natarajan , Chetan Bansal , Saravan Rajmohan

Diffusion models (DMs) have become the new trend of generative models and have demonstrated a powerful ability of conditional synthesis. Among those, text-to-image diffusion models pre-trained on large-scale image-text pairs are highly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-06 Wenliang Zhao , Yongming Rao , Zuyan Liu , Benlin Liu , Jie Zhou , Jiwen Lu

In abstractive summarization, the challenge of producing concise and accurate summaries arises from the vast amount of information contained in the source document. Consequently, although Large Language Models (LLMs) can generate fluent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Jaepill Choi , Kyubyung Chae , Jiwoo Song , Yohan Jo , Taesup Kim

A major challenge in aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences is the issue of distribution shift. LLM alignment algorithms rely on static preference datasets, assuming that they accurately represent real-world user…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Zaiyan Xu , Sushil Vemuri , Kishan Panaganti , Dileep Kalathil , Rahul Jain , Deepak Ramachandran

Existing methods for preference tuning of text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models often rely on computationally expensive generation steps to create positive and negative pairs of images. These approaches frequently yield training pairs that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Sanjana Reddy , Ishaan Malhi , Sally Ma , Praneet Dutta