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Federated Learning (FL) marks a transformative approach to distributed model training by combining locally optimized models from various clients into a unified global model. While FL preserves data privacy by eliminating centralized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Pranab Sahoo , Ashutosh Tripathi , Sriparna Saha , Samrat Mondal

Federated Learning (FL) enables decentralized model training across clients without sharing raw data, but its performance degrades under real-world data heterogeneity. Existing methods often fail to address distribution shift across clients…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Mohan Li , Dario Fenoglio , Martin Gjoreski , Marc Langheinrich

Federated learning (FL) is a new paradigm for distributed machine learning that allows a global model to be trained across multiple clients without compromising their privacy. Although FL has demonstrated remarkable success in various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Haolin Wang , Xuefeng Liu , Jianwei Niu , Shaojie Tang , Jiaxing Shen

Federated learning (FL) is a rapidly growing privacy-preserving collaborative machine learning paradigm. In practical FL applications, local data from each data silo reflect local usage patterns. Therefore, there exists heterogeneity of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-01 Shenglai Zeng , Zonghang Li , Hongfang Yu , Yihong He , Zenglin Xu , Dusit Niyato , Han Yu

Federated Learning (FL) allows several clients to construct a common global machine-learning model without having to share their data. FL, however, faces the challenge of statistical heterogeneity between the client's data, which degrades…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-26 Zahra Taghiyarrenani , Abdallah Alabdallah , Slawomir Nowaczyk , Sepideh Pashami

Federated learning has attracted significant attention as a privacy-preserving framework for training personalised models on multi-source heterogeneous data. However, most existing approaches are unable to handle scenarios where subgroup…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-14 Changxin Yang , Zhongyi Zhu , Heng Lian

Federated learning (FL), which has gained increasing attention recently, enables distributed devices to train a common machine learning (ML) model for intelligent inference cooperatively without data sharing. However, problems in practical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Yujie Zhou , Zhidu Li , Tong Tang , Ruyan Wang

Federated Learning (FL), as a distributed learning paradigm, trains models over distributed clients' data. FL is particularly beneficial for distributed training of Diffusion Models (DMs), which are high-quality image generators that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Qianyu Long , Qiyuan Wang , Christos Anagnostopoulos , Daning Bi

As a promising paradigm federated Learning (FL) is widely used in privacy-preserving machine learning, which allows distributed devices to collaboratively train a model while avoiding data transmission among clients. Despite its immense…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Jinglong Shen , Xiucheng Wang , Nan Cheng , Longfei Ma , Conghao Zhou , Yuan Zhang

Federated learning (FL) enables distributed training with private client data, but its convergence is hindered by system heterogeneity under realistic communication scenarios. Most FL schemes addressing system heterogeneity utilize global…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Keumseo Ryum , Jinu Gong , Joonhyuk Kang

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning paradigm where multiple clients conduct local training based on their private data, then the updated models are sent to a central server for global aggregation. The practical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Harsh Vardhan , Xiaofan Yu , Tajana Rosing , Arya Mazumdar

Federated learning (FL) is a distributed learning method that offers medical institutes the prospect of collaboration in a global model while preserving the privacy of their patients. Although most medical centers conduct similar medical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-08 Yousef Yeganeh , Azade Farshad , Johann Boschmann , Richard Gaus , Maximilian Frantzen , Nassir Navab

Federated Learning (FL) suffers from severe performance degradation due to the data heterogeneity among clients. Existing works reveal that the fundamental reason is that data heterogeneity can cause client drift where the local model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Haoran Xu , Jiaze Li , Wanyi Wu , Hao Ren

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a vital paradigm in modern machine learning that enables collaborative training across decentralized data sources without exchanging raw data. This approach not only addresses privacy concerns but also…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Zahra Kharaghani , Ali Dadras , Tommy Löfstedt

Federated Learning (FL) aims to learn a single global model that enables the central server to help the model training in local clients without accessing their local data. The key challenge of FL is the heterogeneity of local data in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-17 Sicong Liang , Junchao Tian , Shujun Yang , Yu Zhang

As a privacy-preserving paradigm for training Machine Learning (ML) models, Federated Learning (FL) has received tremendous attention from both industry and academia. In a typical FL scenario, clients exhibit significant heterogeneity in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Lei Fu , Huanle Zhang , Ge Gao , Mi Zhang , Xin Liu

The heterogeneity of hardware and data is a well-known and studied problem in the community of Federated Learning (FL) as running under heterogeneous settings. Recently, custom-size client models trained with Knowledge Distillation (KD) has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Hongrui Shi , Valentin Radu , Po Yang

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a new paradigm for training machine learning models distributively without sacrificing data security and privacy. Learning models on edge devices such as mobile phones is one of the most common use…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-10 Sixing Yu , Phuong Nguyen , Ali Anwar , Ali Jannesari

Federated learning enables multiple institutions to collaboratively train machine learning models on their local data in a privacy-preserving way. However, its distributed nature often leads to significant heterogeneity in data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-20 Liangqiong Qu , Niranjan Balachandar , Daniel L Rubin

Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across diverse entities while safeguarding data privacy. However, FL faces challenges such as data heterogeneity and model diversity. The Meta-Federated Learning (Meta-FL)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Zahir Alsulaimawi