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Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) techniques have emerged as a promising solution to enhance the reliability of large language models (LLMs) by addressing issues like hallucinations, outdated knowledge, and domain adaptation. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Weihang Su , Yichen Tang , Qingyao Ai , Junxi Yan , Changyue Wang , Hongning Wang , Ziyi Ye , Yujia Zhou , Yiqun Liu

Natural Language Generation (NLG) has improved exponentially in recent years thanks to the development of sequence-to-sequence deep learning technologies such as Transformer-based language models. This advancement has led to more fluent and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Ziwei Ji , Nayeon Lee , Rita Frieske , Tiezheng Yu , Dan Su , Yan Xu , Etsuko Ishii , Yejin Bang , Delong Chen , Wenliang Dai , Ho Shu Chan , Andrea Madotto , Pascale Fung

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a prominent method for incorporating domain knowledge into Large Language Models (LLMs). While RAG enhances response relevance by incorporating retrieved domain knowledge in the context,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Kushagra Bhushan , Yatin Nandwani , Dinesh Khandelwal , Sonam Gupta , Gaurav Pandey , Dinesh Raghu , Sachindra Joshi

Attribution is a key concept in large language models (LLMs) as it enables control over information sources and enhances the factuality of LLMs. While existing approaches utilize open book question answering to improve attribution, factual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Abdullatif Köksal , Renat Aksitov , Chung-Ching Chang

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) improves large language models (LLMs) by using external knowledge to guide response generation, reducing hallucinations. However, RAG, particularly multi-modal RAG, can introduce new hallucination…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Matin Mortaheb , Mohammad A. Amir Khojastepour , Srimat T. Chakradhar , Sennur Ulukus

Contemporary Language Models (LMs), while impressively fluent, often generate content that is factually incorrect or unfaithful to the input context - a critical issue commonly referred to as 'hallucination'. This tendency of LMs to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Anwoy Chatterjee , Yash Goel , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities in natural language understanding and reasoning, but suffer from hallucination: the generation of factually incorrect content. While numerous methods have been developed to reduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Mohor Banerjee , Nadya Yuki Wangsajaya , Syed Ali Redha Alsagoff , Min Sen Tan , Zachary Choy Kit Chun , Alvin Chan Guo Wei

Detecting hallucinations in large language models (LLMs) is critical for enhancing their reliability and trustworthiness. Most research focuses on hallucinations as deviations from information seen during training. However, the opaque…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Fabian Ridder , Malte Schilling

When asked to summarize articles or answer questions given a passage, large language models (LLMs) can hallucinate details and respond with unsubstantiated answers that are inaccurate with respect to the input context. This paper describes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Yung-Sung Chuang , Linlu Qiu , Cheng-Yu Hsieh , Ranjay Krishna , Yoon Kim , James Glass

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate significant capabilities in processing natural language data, promising efficient knowledge extraction from diverse textual sources to enhance situational awareness and support decision-making.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Fatemeh Shiri , Van Nguyen , Farhad Moghimifar , John Yoo , Gholamreza Haffari , Yuan-Fang Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in language tasks but are prone to hallucinations and outdated knowledge. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) mitigates these by grounding LLMs in external knowledge. However, in complex domains involving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Peiran Zhou , Junnan Zhu , Yichen Shen , Ruoxi Yu

Contrastive decoding strategies are widely used to reduce object hallucinations in multimodal large language models (MLLMs). These methods work by constructing contrastive samples to induce hallucinations and then suppressing them in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Hao Yin , Guangzong Si , Zilei Wang

Recent research on query generation has focused on using Large Language Models (LLMs), which despite bringing state-of-the-art performance, also introduce issues with hallucinations in the generated queries. In this work, we introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Zhongxiang Sun , Zihua Si , Xiaoxue Zang , Kai Zheng , Yang Song , Xiao Zhang , Jun Xu

Current large language models (LLMs) often suffer from hallucination issues, i,e, generating content that appears factual but is actually unreliable. A typical hallucination detection pipeline involves response decomposition (i.e., claim…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Fan Xu , Huixuan Zhang , Zhenliang Zhang , Jiahao Wang , Xiaojun Wan

Hallucinations present a significant challenge for large language models (LLMs). The utilization of parametric knowledge in generating factual content is constrained by the limited knowledge of LLMs, potentially resulting in internal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Hanxing Ding , Liang Pang , Zihao Wei , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

Large language models (LLMs) produce context inconsistency hallucinations, which are LLM generated outputs that are misaligned with the user prompt. This research project investigates whether prompt engineering (PE) methods can mitigate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Imane Jaaouine , Ross D. King

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) effectively reduces hallucinations in Large Language Models (LLMs) but can still produce inconsistent or unsupported content. Although LLM-as-a-Judge is widely used for RAG hallucination detection due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Zhouyu Jiang , Mengshu Sun , Zhiqiang Zhang , Lei Liang

The impressive capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have attracted extensive interests of applying LLMs to medical field. However, the complex nature of clinical environments presents significant hallucination challenges for LLMs,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Derong Xu , Ziheng Zhang , Zhihong Zhu , Zhenxi Lin , Qidong Liu , Xian Wu , Tong Xu , Xiangyu Zhao , Yefeng Zheng , Enhong Chen

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances factual accuracy by integrating external knowledge, yet it introduces a critical issue: erroneous or biased retrieval can mislead generation, compounding hallucinations, a phenomenon we term…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Wentao Hu , Wengyu Zhang , Yiyang Jiang , Chen Jason Zhang , Xiaoyong Wei , Qing Li

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly advanced natural language processing, but these models often generate factually incorrect information, known as "hallucination". Initial retrieval-augmented generation (RAG)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Yujia Zhou , Zheng Liu , Zhicheng Dou