Related papers: Vulnerable Connectivity Caused by Local Communitie…

Power lines, roadways, pipelines and other physical infrastructure are critical to modern society. These structures may be viewed as spatial networks where geographic distances play a role in the functionality and construction cost of…

We study the effect of localized attacks on a multiplex spatial network, where each layer is a network of communities. The system is considered functional when the nodes belong to the giant component in all the multiplex layers. The…

The structure of real-world multilayer infrastructure systems usually exhibits anisotropy due to constraints of the embedding space. For example, geographical features like mountains, rivers and shores influence the architecture of critical…

Complex networks often have a modular structure, where a number of tightly- connected groups of nodes (modules) have relatively few interconnections. Modularity had been shown to have an important effect on the evolution and stability of…

The discovery of community structure is a common challenge in the analysis of network data. Many methods have been proposed for finding community structure, but few have been proposed for determining whether the structure found is…

Robustness is an important property of complex networks. Up to now, there are plentiful researches focusing on the network's robustness containing error and attack tolerance of network's connectivity and the shortest path. In this paper,…

Many infrastructure networks have a modular structure and are also interdependent. While significant research has explored the resilience of interdependent networks, there has been no analysis of the effects of modularity. Here we develop a…

Many real world complex systems such as infrastructure, communication and transportation networks are embedded in space, where entities of one system may depend on entities of other systems. These systems are subject to geographically…

Many real-world multilayer systems such as critical infrastructure are interdependent and embedded in space with links of a characteristic length. They are also vulnerable to localized attacks or failures, such as terrorist attacks or…

The robustness of npm dependency network is a crucial property, since many projects and web applications heavily rely on the functionalities of packages, especially popular ones that have many dependant packages. In the past, there have…

Complex networks are ubiquitous: a cell, the human brain, a group of people and the Internet are all examples of interconnected many-body systems characterized by macroscopic properties that cannot be trivially deduced from those of their…

One of the most prominent properties in real-world networks is the presence of a community structure, i.e. dense and loosely interconnected groups of nodes called communities. In an attempt to better understand this concept, we study the…

Both human-made and natural supply systems, such as power grids and leaf venation networks, are built to operate reliably under changing external conditions. Many of these spatial networks exhibit community structures. Here, we show that a…

In a topological structure affected by geographical constraints on liking, the connectivity is weakened by constructing local stubs with small cycles, a something of randomness to bridge them is crucial for the robust network design. In…

A system is called antifragile when damage acts as a constructive element improving the performance of a global function. In this paper, we analyze the emergence of antifragility in the movement of random walkers on networks with modular…

Generally, networks are classified into two sides of inequality and equality with respect to the number of links at nodes by the types of degree distributions. One side includes many social, technological, and biological networks which…

The behavior of complex networks under failure or attack depends strongly on the specific scenario. Of special interest are scale-free networks, which are usually seen as robust under random failure but appear to be especially vulnerable to…

Complex networks have recently attracted much interest due to their prevalence in nature and our daily lives [1, 2]. A critical property of a network is its resilience to random breakdown and failure [3-6], typically studied as a…

In this paper, we study the crucial elements of complex networks, namely nodes, and edges and their properties such as their community structure, which play an important role in dictating the robustness of the network towards structural…

Robustness in response to unexpected events is always desirable for real-world networks. To improve the robustness of any networked system, it is important to analyze vulnerability to external perturbation such as random failures or…