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Medical vision-language models (VLMs) achieve strong performance in diagnostic reporting and image-text alignment, yet their underlying reasoning mechanisms remain fundamentally correlational, exhibiting reliance on superficial statistical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Weiqin Yang , Haowen Xue , Qingyi Peng , Hexuan Hu , Qian Huang , Tingbo Zhang

This research presents a Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) framework for art provenance studies, focusing on the Getty Provenance Index. Provenance research establishes the ownership history of artworks, which is essential for verifying…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Mathew Henrickson

Iterative Retrieval-Augmented Generation (iRAG) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for answering complex multi-hop questions by progressively retrieving and reasoning over external documents. However, current systems predominantly operate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Peiyang Liu , Ziqiang Cui , Xi Wang , Di Liang , Wei Ye

This paper presents a domain-specific implementation of Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) tailored to the Fair Use Doctrine in U.S. copyright law. Motivated by the increasing prevalence of DMCA takedowns and the lack of accessible legal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Justin Ho , Alexandra Colby , William Fisher

Vision-based Retrieval-Augmented Generation (VisRAG) leverages vision-language models (VLMs) to jointly retrieve relevant visual documents and generate grounded answers based on multimodal evidence. However, existing VisRAG models degrade…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-27 I-Hsiang Chen , Yu-Wei Liu , Tse-Yu Wu , Yu-Chien Chiang , Jen-Chien Yang , Wei-Ting Chen

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enables large language models (LLMs) to dynamically access external information, which is powerful for answering questions over previously unseen documents. Nonetheless, they struggle with high-level…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Chi-Hsiang Hsiao , Yi-Cheng Wang , Tzung-Sheng Lin , Yi-Ren Yeh , Chu-Song Chen

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities but often produce inaccurate responses, as they rely solely on their embedded knowledge. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances LLMs by incorporating an external…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Nitin Aravind Birur , Tanay Baswa , Divyanshu Kumar , Jatan Loya , Sahil Agarwal , Prashanth Harshangi

Climate decision making is constrained by the complexity and inaccessibility of key information within lengthy, technical, and multi-lingual documents. Generative AI technologies offer a promising route for improving the accessibility of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Matyas Juhasz , Kalyan Dutia , Henry Franks , Conor Delahunty , Patrick Fawbert Mills , Harrison Pim

Understanding information from a collection of multiple documents, particularly those with visually rich elements, is important for document-grounded question answering. This paper introduces VisDoMBench, the first comprehensive benchmark…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Manan Suri , Puneet Mathur , Franck Dernoncourt , Kanika Goswami , Ryan A. Rossi , Dinesh Manocha

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) combines knowledge from domain-specific sources into large language models to ground answer generation. Current RAG systems lack customizable visibility on the context documents and the model's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Tevin Wang , Jingyuan He , Chenyan Xiong

Video Scene Graph Generation (VidSGG) aims to capture dynamic relationships among entities by sequentially analyzing video frames and integrating visual and semantic information. However, VidSGG is challenged by significant biases that skew…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Yanjun Li , Zhaoyang Li , Honghui Chen , Lizhi Xu

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems rely on retrieval models for identifying relevant contexts and answer generation models for utilizing those contexts. However, retrievers exhibit imperfect recall and precision, limiting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Jerry Huang , Siddarth Madala , Risham Sidhu , Cheng Niu , Hao Peng , Julia Hockenmaier , Tong Zhang

While attribution methods, such as Shapley values, are widely used to explain the importance of features or training data in traditional machine learning, their application to Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly within…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Ikhtiyor Nematov , Tarik Kalai , Elizaveta Kuzmenko , Gabriele Fugagnoli , Dimitris Sacharidis , Katja Hose , Tomer Sagi

Effectively retrieving, reasoning, and understanding multimodal information remains a critical challenge for agentic systems. Traditional Retrieval-augmented Generation (RAG) methods rely on linear interaction histories, which struggle to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Qiuchen Wang , Shihang Wang , Yu Zeng , Qiang Zhang , Fanrui Zhang , Zhuoning Guo , Bosi Zhang , Wenxuan Huang , Lin Chen , Zehui Chen , Pengjun Xie , Ruixue Ding

Visual retrieval-augmented generation (VRAG) augments vision-language models (VLMs) with external visual knowledge to ground reasoning and reduce hallucinations. Yet current VRAG systems often fail to reliably perceive and integrate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Yubo Sun , Chunyi Peng , Yukun Yan , Shi Yu , Zhenghao Liu , Chi Chen , Zhiyuan Liu , Maosong Sun

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a promising paradigm for end-to-end autonomous driving, yet their reliance on implicit parametric knowledge limits generalization in long-tail scenarios. While Retrieval-Augmented…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Rui Zhao , Haofeng Hu , Zhenhai Gao , Jiaqiao Liu , Gao Fei

This paper presents an experience report on the development of Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) systems using PDF documents as the primary data source. The RAG architecture combines generative capabilities of Large Language Models…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Ayman Asad Khan , Md Toufique Hasan , Kai Kristian Kemell , Jussi Rasku , Pekka Abrahamsson

We introduce MiRAGE, an evaluation framework for retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) from multimodal sources. As audiovisual media becomes a prevalent source of information online, it is essential for RAG systems to integrate information…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Alexander Martin , William Walden , Reno Kriz , Dengjia Zhang , Kate Sanders , Eugene Yang , Chihsheng Jin , Benjamin Van Durme

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) techniques have proven to be effective in integrating up-to-date information, mitigating hallucinations, and enhancing response quality, particularly in specialized domains. While many RAG approaches…

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) pipelines must address challenges beyond simple single-document retrieval, such as interpreting visual elements (tables, charts, images), synthesizing information across documents, and providing accurate…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-22 António Loison , Quentin Macé , Antoine Edy , Victor Xing , Tom Balough , Gabriel Moreira , Bo Liu , Manuel Faysse , Céline Hudelot , Gautier Viaud