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A continual learning agent learns online with a non-stationary and never-ending stream of data. The key to such learning process is to overcome the catastrophic forgetting of previously seen data, which is a well known problem of neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-01 Rahaf Aljundi , Min Lin , Baptiste Goujaud , Yoshua Bengio

In the context of continual learning, acquiring new knowledge while maintaining previous knowledge presents a significant challenge. Existing methods often use experience replay techniques that store a small portion of previous task data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Minsu Kim , Seong-Hyeon Hwang , Steven Euijong Whang

Large language models require continuous adaptation to new tasks while preserving safety alignment. However, fine-tuning on even benign data often compromises safety behaviors, including refusal of harmful requests, truthfulness, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Thong Bach , Dung Nguyen , Thao Minh Le , Truyen Tran

Deep neural networks achieve state-of-the-art and sometimes super-human performance across various domains. However, when learning tasks sequentially, the networks easily forget the knowledge of previous tasks, known as "catastrophic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-18 Shixiang Tang , Dapeng Chen , Jinguo Zhu , Shijie Yu , Wanli Ouyang

In neural networks, continual learning results in gradient interference among sequential tasks, leading to catastrophic forgetting of old tasks while learning new ones. This issue is addressed in recent methods by storing the important…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-06 Gobinda Saha , Kaushik Roy

We present a novel class incremental learning approach based on deep neural networks, which continually learns new tasks with limited memory for storing examples in the previous tasks. Our algorithm is based on knowledge distillation and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Minsoo Kang , Jaeyoo Park , Bohyung Han

Continual learning (CL) is a fundamental topic in machine learning, where the goal is to train a model with continuously incoming data and tasks. Due to the memory limit, we cannot store all the historical data, and therefore confront the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Weichen Lin , Jiaxiang Chen , Ruomin Huang , Hu Ding

In Continual learning (CL) balancing effective adaptation while combating catastrophic forgetting is a central challenge. Many of the recent best-performing methods utilize various forms of prior task data, e.g. a replay buffer, to tackle…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Nader Asadi , MohammadReza Davari , Sudhir Mudur , Rahaf Aljundi , Eugene Belilovsky

Online class-incremental continual learning is a specific task of continual learning. It aims to continuously learn new classes from data stream and the samples of data stream are seen only once, which suffers from the catastrophic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Huiwei Lin , Baoquan Zhang , Shanshan Feng , Xutao Li , Yunming Ye

Machine Unlearning has recently garnered significant attention, aiming to selectively remove knowledge associated with specific data while preserving the model's performance on the remaining data. A fundamental challenge in this process is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Gaurav Patel , Qiang Qiu

Continual learning is the ability to acquire new knowledge without forgetting the previously learned one, assuming no further access to past training data. Neural network approximators trained with gradient descent are known to fail in this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-05 Rodrigue Siry

The ability to learn continually without forgetting the past tasks is a desired attribute for artificial learning systems. Existing approaches to enable such learning in artificial neural networks usually rely on network growth, importance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-18 Gobinda Saha , Isha Garg , Kaushik Roy

Time-dependent data-generating distributions have proven to be difficult for gradient-based training of neural networks, as the greedy updates result in catastrophic forgetting of previously learned knowledge. Despite the progress in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-03 Matthias De Lange , Gido van de Ven , Tinne Tuytelaars

Continual learning is the problem of learning new tasks or knowledge while protecting old knowledge and ideally generalizing from old experience to learn new tasks faster. Neural networks trained by stochastic gradient descent often degrade…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-27 David Rolnick , Arun Ahuja , Jonathan Schwarz , Timothy P. Lillicrap , Greg Wayne

Continual learning aims to sequentially learn new tasks without forgetting previous tasks' knowledge (catastrophic forgetting). One factor that can cause forgetting is the interference between the gradients on losses from different tasks.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Xueying Bai , Jinghuan Shang , Yifan Sun , Niranjan Balasubramanian

Humans are capable of acquiring new knowledge and transferring learned knowledge into different domains, incurring a small forgetting. The same ability, called Continual Learning, is challenging to achieve when operating with neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Jary Pomponi , Alessio Devoto , Simone Scardapane

Recently, because of the high-quality representations of contrastive learning methods, rehearsal-based contrastive continual learning has been proposed to explore how to continually learn transferable representation embeddings to avoid the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Jiyong Li , Dilshod Azizov , Yang Li , Shangsong Liang

Continual learning aims to alleviate catastrophic forgetting when handling consecutive tasks under non-stationary distributions. Gradient-based meta-learning algorithms have shown the capability to implicitly solve the transfer-interference…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Xiaohan Zou , Tong Lin

We devise a coreset selection method based on the idea of gradient matching: The gradients induced by the coreset should match, as closely as possible, those induced by the original training dataset. We evaluate the method in the context of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-10 Lukas Balles , Giovanni Zappella , Cédric Archambeau

Continual learning, the ability of a model to adapt to an ongoing sequence of tasks without forgetting earlier ones, is a central goal of artificial intelligence. To better understand its underlying mechanisms, we study the limitations of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-21 Hossein Taheri , Avishek Ghosh , Arya Mazumdar
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