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Recent studies showed that Photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors embedded in wearable devices can estimate heart rate (HR) with high accuracy. However, despite of prior research efforts, applying PPG sensor based HR estimation to embedded…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-27 Yuntong Zhang , Jingye Xu , Mimi Xie , Wei Wang , Keying Ye , Jing Wang , Dakai Zhu

The oscillations of the human heart rate are inherently complex and non-linear -- they are best described by mathematical chaos, and they present a challenge when applied to the practical domain of cardiovascular health monitoring in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Berken Utku Demirel , Christian Holz

Stress has emerged as a critical global health issue, contributing to cardiovascular disorders, depression, and several other long-term illnesses. Consequently, accurate and reliable stress monitoring systems are of growing importance. In…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-03 Md. Mohibbul Haque Chowdhury , Nafisa Anjum , Md. Rokonuzzaman Mim

Structural heart disease (SHD) is a prevalent condition with many undiagnosed cases, and early detection is often limited by the high cost and accessibility constraints of echocardiography (ECHO). Recent studies show that artificial…

Applications · Statistics 2026-03-04 Ya Zhou , Zhaohong Sun , Tianxiang Hao , Xiangjie Li

Diagnosing pre-existing heart diseases early in life is important as it helps prevent complications such as pulmonary hypertension, heart rhythm problems, blood clots, heart failure and sudden cardiac arrest. To identify such diseases,…

Deep learning applied to electrocardiogram (ECG) data can be used to achieve personal authentication in biometric security applications, but it has not been widely used to diagnose cardiovascular disorders. We developed a deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-02 Song-Kyoo Kim , Chan Yeob Yeun , Paul D. Yoo , Nai-Wei Lo , Ernesto Damiani

An electrocardiogram (EKG) is a common, non-invasive test that measures the electrical activity of a patient's heart. EKGs contain useful diagnostic information about patient health that may be absent from other electronic health record…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-12-04 Andrew C. Miller , Ziad Obermeyer , David M. Blei , John P. Cunningham , Sendhil Mullainathan

Analysing electrocardiograms (ECGs) is an inexpensive and non-invasive, yet powerful way to diagnose heart disease. ECG studies using Machine Learning to automatically detect abnormal heartbeats so far depend on large, manually annotated…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-11 Mononito Goswami , Benedikt Boecking , Artur Dubrawski

Monitoring the stress level in patients with neurodegenerative diseases can help manage symptoms, improve patient's quality of life, and provide insight into disease progression. In the literature, ECG, actigraphy, speech, voice, and facial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Davide Gabrielli , Bardh Prenkaj , Paola Velardi

Heart rate (HR) is an important physiological signal that reflects the physical and emotional status of a person. Traditional HR measurements usually rely on contact monitors, which may cause inconvenience and discomfort. Recently, some…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-02-19 Xuesong Niu , Shiguang Shan , Hu Han , Xilin Chen

The human heart is a complex system exhibiting stochastic nature, as reflected in electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. ECG signal is a weak, non-stationary, and nonlinear signal, which indicates the health of a heart in terms of temporal…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-11 Chiranjit Maji , Pratyay Sengupta , Anandi Batabyal , Hirok Chaudhuri

Heart failure (HF) poses a significant public health challenge, with a rising global mortality rate. Early detection and prevention of HF could significantly reduce its impact. We introduce a novel methodology for predicting HF risk using…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-19 Chen Chen , Lei Li , Marcel Beetz , Abhirup Banerjee , Ramneek Gupta , Vicente Grau

Real-time vital sign monitoring is gaining immense significance not only in the medical field but also in personal health management. Facing the needs of different application scenarios of the smart and healthy city in the future, the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-27 Dingding Liang , Yang Chen , Jiawei Gao , Taixia Shi , Jianping Yao

The emergence of deep learning has significantly enhanced the analysis of electrocardiograms (ECGs), a non-invasive method that is essential for assessing heart health. Despite the complexity of ECG interpretation, advanced deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Zibin Zhao

In recent years, research about monitoring vital signs by smartphones grows significantly. There are some special sensors like Electrocardiogram (ECG) and Photoplethysmographic (PPG) to detect heart rate (HR) and respiration rate (RR).…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-08 Jafar Pourbemany , Almabrok Essa , Ye Zhu

The electrocardiogram (ECG) is routinely used in hospitals to analyze cardiovascular status and health of an individual. Abnormal heart rhythms can be a precursor to more serious conditions including sudden cardiac death. Classifying…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-15 Neville D. Gai

Congenital anomalies arising as a result of a defect in the structure of the heart and great vessels are known as congenital heart diseases or CHDs. A PCG can provide essential details about the mechanical conduction system of the heart and…

Stress is prevalent in many aspects of everyday life including work, healthcare, and social interactions. Many works have studied handcrafted features from various bio-signals that are indicators of stress. Recently, deep learning models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-01 Pooja Prajod , Elisabeth André

Understanding the interaction of neural and cardiac systems during cognitive activity is critical to advancing physiological computing. Although EEG has been the gold standard for assessing mental workload, its limited portability restricts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Akshay Sasi , Malavika Pradeep , Nusaibah Farrukh , Rahul Venugopal , Elizabeth Sherly

An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a time-series signal that is represented by one-dimensional (1-D) data. Higher dimensional representation contains more information that is accessible for feature extraction. Hidden variables such as frequency…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-04-12 K. S. Rajput , S. Wibowo , C. Hao , M. Majmudar