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Quantum conference key agreement (QCKA) allows multiple users to establish a secure key from a shared multi-partite entangled state. In a quantum network, this protocol can be efficiently implemented using a single copy of a N-qubit…

We propose a wide class of distillation schemes for multi-partite entangled states that are CSS-states. Our proposal provides not only superior efficiency, but also new insights on the connection between CSS-states and bipartite graph…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-04-03 Kai Chen , Hoi-Kwong Lo

We introduce a repeater scheme to efficiently distribute multipartite entangled states in a quantum network with optimal scaling. The scheme allows to generate graph states such as 2D and 3D cluster states of growing size or GHZ states over…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-30 Julius Wallnöfer , Alexander Pirker , Michael Zwerger , Wolfgang Dür

Quantum key distribution (QKD) enables two remote parties to grow a shared key which they can use for unconditionally secure communication [1]. The applicable distance of a QKD protocol depends on the loss and the excess noise of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-10-08 Lars S. Madsen , Vladyslav C. Usenko , Mikael Lassen , Radim Filip , Ulrik L. Andersen

This paper presents a novel hybrid Quantum Key Distribution ,QKD, protocol that combines entanglement based and non entanglement based approaches to optimize security and the number of generated keys. We introduce a dynamic system that…

We propose a wide class of distillation schemes for multi-partite entangled states that are CSS-states. Our proposal provides not only superior efficiency, but also new insights on the connection between CSS-states and bipartite graph…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2008-04-05 Kai Chen , Hoi-Kwong Lo

Quantum conference key agreement (CKA) enables key sharing among multiple trusted users with information-theoretic security. Currently, the key rates of most quantum CKA protocols suffer from the limit of the total efficiency among quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-07 Xiao-Yu Cao , Jie Gu , Yu-Shuo Lu , Hua-Lei Yin , Zeng-Bing Chen

Quantum key distribution (QKD) which enables information-theoretically security is now heading towards quantum secure networks. It requires high-performance and cost-effective protocols while increasing the number of users. Unfortunately,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-07 Yiming Bian , Yi-Chen Zhang , Chao Zhou , Song Yu , Zhengyu Li , Hong Guo

In this paper, we put forward a novel single-state three-party semiquantum key agreement (SQKA) protocol with three-particle GHZ entangled states first. Different with previous quantum key agreement (QKA) protocols, the proposed…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-02 Tian-Jie Xu , Ying Chen , Mao-Jie Geng , Tian-Yu Ye

Graph states are an important class of multipartite entangled states. Previous experimental generation of graph states and in particular the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states in linear optics quantum information schemes is subjected…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-01 Sheng Zhang , Yu-Kai Wu , Chang Li , Nan Jiang , Yun-Fei Pu , Lu-Ming Duan

Multipartite entanglement enables secure and anonymous key exchange between multiple parties in a network. In particular Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states have been introduced as resource states for anonymous key exchange protocols,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-27 Lukas Rückle , Jakob Budde , Jarn de Jong , Frederik Hahn , Anna Pappa , Stefanie Barz

We introduce a new class of continuous-variable (CV) multipartite entangled states, the CV cluster states, which might be generated from squeezing and kerr-like interaction. The entanglement properties of these states are studied in terms…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Jing Zhang

Quantum key distribution (QKD) refers to specific quantum strategies which permit the secure distribution of a secret key between two parties that wish to communicate secretly. Quantum cryptography has proven unconditionally secure in ideal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-10-14 C. Rodó , O. Romero-Isart , K. Eckert , A. Sanpera

A continuous-variable measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution (CV-MDI QKD) protocol using squeezed states is proposed where the two legitimate partners send Gaussian-modulated squeezed states to an untrusted third party to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-11-20 Yi-Chen Zhang , Zhengyu Li , Song Yu , Wanyi Gu , Xiang Peng , Hong Guo

Quantum cryptographic conferencing (QCC) holds promise for distributing information-theoretic secure keys among multiple users over long distance. Limited by the fragility of Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state, QCC networks based on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-12 Shuai Zhao , Pei Zeng , Wen-Fei Cao , Xin-Yu Xu , Yi-Zheng Zhen , Xiongfeng Ma , Li Li , Nai-Le liu , Kai Chen

Continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) features a high key rate and compatibility with classical optical communication. Developing expandable and efficient CVQKD networks will promote the deployment of large-scale quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-01 Hai Zhong , Qianqian Hu , Zhiyue Zuo , Zhipeng Wang , Duan Huang , Ying Guo

Distributing entanglement among multiple users is a fundamental problem in quantum networks, requiring an efficient solution. In this work, a protocol is proposed for extracting maximally entangled (GHZn) states for any number of parties in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-15 Vaisakh Mannalath , Anirban Pathak

We introduce the distribution of a secret multipartite entangled state in a real-world scenario as a quantum primitive. We show that in the presence of noisy quantum channels (and noisy control operations) any state chosen from the set of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 W. Dür , J. Calsamiglia , H. -J. Briegel

The majority of research to date has concentrated on the quantum key distribution (QKD) between two parties. In general, the QKD protocols proposed for the multiparty scenario often involve the usage of a maximally entangled state, such as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-26 Kumar Nilesh

Quantum network enables a variety of quantum information processing tasks, where multi-user quantum communication is one of the important objectives. Quantum cryptographic conferencing serves as an essential solution to establish secure…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-09 Haotao Zhu , Zhenhua Li , Shuai Zhao , Xiaodan Lyu , Shihao Ru , Yizhi Huang , Zitong Xu , Rui Qu , Weibo Gao
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