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In text-video retrieval, auxiliary captions are often used to enhance video understanding, bridging the gap between the modalities. While recent advances in multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have enabled strong zero-shot caption…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Ji Soo Lee , Byungoh Ko , Jaewon Cho , Howoong Lee , Jaewoon Byun , Hyunwoo J. Kim

Recently, reinforcement learning (RL) has been employed for improving generative image super-resolution (ISR) performance. However, the current efforts are focused on multi-step generative ISR, while one-step generative ISR remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Qiaosi Yi , Shuai Li , Rongyuan Wu , Lingchen Sun , Zhengqiang Zhang , Lei Zhang

As a key technique in multi-modal processing, infrared and visible image fusion (IVIF) plays a crucial role in integrating complementary spectral information for visual enhancement and downstream vision tasks. Despite remarkable progress,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Weijian Su , Songqian Zhang , Yuqi Han , Jian Zhuang , Yongdong Huang , Qiang Zhang

Visual preference alignment involves training Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) to predict human preferences between visual inputs. This is typically achieved by using labeled datasets of chosen/rejected pairs and employing optimization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Ziyu Liu , Yuhang Zang , Xiaoyi Dong , Pan Zhang , Yuhang Cao , Haodong Duan , Conghui He , Yuanjun Xiong , Dahua Lin , Jiaqi Wang

Recent advances in text-to-video generation have achieved impressive perceptual quality, yet generated content often violates fundamental principles of physical plausibility - manifesting as implausible object dynamics, incoherent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Peiyao Wang , Weining Wang , Qi Li

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) is an effective technique that leverages pairwise preference data (usually one chosen and rejected response pair per user prompt) to align LLMs to human preferences. In practice, multiple responses can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Pulkit Pattnaik , Rishabh Maheshwary , Kelechi Ogueji , Vikas Yadav , Sathwik Tejaswi Madhusudhan

Neural retrieval models excel in Web search, but their training requires substantial amounts of labeled query-document pairs, which are costly to obtain. With the widespread availability of Web document collections like ClueWeb22, synthetic…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-27 João Coelho , Bruno Martins , João Magalhães , Chenyan Xiong

Video generation has achieved significant advances through rectified flow techniques, but issues like unsmooth motion and misalignment between videos and prompts persist. In this work, we develop a systematic pipeline that harnesses human…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Jie Liu , Gongye Liu , Jiajun Liang , Ziyang Yuan , Xiaokun Liu , Mingwu Zheng , Xiele Wu , Qiulin Wang , Menghan Xia , Xintao Wang , Xiaohong Liu , Fei Yang , Pengfei Wan , Di Zhang , Kun Gai , Yujiu Yang , Wanli Ouyang

Efficient preference optimization algorithms such as Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) have become a popular approach in aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. These algorithms implicitly treat the LLM as a reward…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Tong Liu , Xiao Yu , Wenxuan Zhou , Jindong Gu , Volker Tresp

Mathematical reasoning presents a significant challenge for Large Language Models (LLMs) as it requires ensuring the correctness of each reasoning step. Researchers have been strengthening the mathematical reasoning abilities of LLMs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-23 Yunze Lin

Preference optimization has become a central paradigm for aligning large language models with human feedback. Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) simplifies reinforcement learning from human feedback by directly optimizing pairwise…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Inoussa Mouiche

Diffusion models are a class of flexible generative models trained with an approximation to the log-likelihood objective. However, most use cases of diffusion models are not concerned with likelihoods, but instead with downstream objectives…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Kevin Black , Michael Janner , Yilun Du , Ilya Kostrikov , Sergey Levine

Video generation models have achieved remarkable progress in text-to-video tasks. These models are typically trained on text-video pairs with highly detailed and carefully crafted descriptions, while real-world user inputs during inference…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Jiale Cheng , Ruiliang Lyu , Xiaotao Gu , Xiao Liu , Jiazheng Xu , Yida Lu , Jiayan Teng , Zhuoyi Yang , Yuxiao Dong , Jie Tang , Hongning Wang , Minlie Huang

A critical component of the current generation of language models is preference alignment, which aims to precisely control the model's behavior to meet human needs and values. The most notable among such methods is Reinforcement Learning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Oh Joon Kwon , Daiki E. Matsunaga , Kee-Eung Kim

Modern preference alignment methods, such as DPO, rely on divergence regularization to a reference model for training stability-but this creates a fundamental problem we call "reference mismatch." In this paper, we investigate the negative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Jiwoo Hong , Sayak Paul , Noah Lee , Kashif Rasul , James Thorne , Jongheon Jeong

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become pivotal in advancing natural language processing, yet their potential to perpetuate biases poses significant concerns. This paper introduces a new framework employing Direct Preference Optimization…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-22 Ahmed Allam

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has recently been extended from text-only models to vision-language models. However, existing methods rely on oversimplified pairwise comparisons, generating a single negative image via basic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Xintong Li , Chuhan Wang , Junda Wu , Rohan Surana , Tong Yu , Julian McAuley , Jingbo Shang

Offline paired preference optimization algorithms have become a popular approach for fine-tuning on preference data, outperforming traditional supervised fine-tuning in various tasks. However, traditional implementations often involve…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Franklin Wang , Sumanth Hegde

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) is a simple and efficient framework that has attracted substantial attention. However, it often struggles to meet its primary objectives -- increasing the generation probability of chosen responses while…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Jay Hyeon Cho , JunHyeok Oh , Myunsoo Kim , Byung-Jun Lee

Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) has been proposed as a promising alternative to Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) based Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback (RLHF). However, empirical evaluations consistently reveal suboptimal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Qinwei Ma , Jingzhe Shi , Can Jin , Jenq-Neng Hwang , Serge Belongie , Lei Li