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Research on using Large Language Models (LLMs) in system development is expanding, especially in automated code and test generation. While E2E testing is vital for ensuring application quality, most test generation research has focused on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Takuro Morimoto , Harumi Haraguchi

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated an impressive ability to generate codes on competitive programming tasks. However, with limited sample numbers, LLMs still suffer from poor accuracy. Inspired by the process of human…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Kechi Zhang , Zhuo Li , Jia Li , Ge Li , Zhi Jin

Recent advances in large language models for test case generation have improved branch coverage via prompt-engineered mutations. However, they still lack principled mechanisms for steering models toward specific high-risk execution…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Khang Tran , Khoa Nguyen , Cristian Borcea , NhatHai Phan

Identifying and resolving logic errors can be one of the most frustrating challenges for novices programmers. Unlike syntax errors, for which a compiler or interpreter can issue a message, logic errors can be subtle. In certain conditions,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Stephen MacNeil , Paul Denny , Andrew Tran , Juho Leinonen , Seth Bernstein , Arto Hellas , Sami Sarsa , Joanne Kim

Large language model (LLM) coding agents can generate working code, but their solutions often accumulate complexity, duplication, and architectural debt. Human developers address such issues through refactoring: behavior-preserving program…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Alex Thillen , Niels Mündler , Veselin Raychev , Martin Vechev

This study compares state-of-the-art Large Language Models (LLMs) on their tendency to generate vulnerabilities when writing C programs using a neutral zero-shot prompt. Tihanyi et al. introduced the FormAI dataset at PROMISE'23, featuring…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Norbert Tihanyi , Tamas Bisztray , Mohamed Amine Ferrag , Ridhi Jain , Lucas C. Cordeiro

Large Language Models (LLMs) are starting to be profiled as one of the most significant disruptions in the Software Testing field. Specifically, they have been successfully applied in software testing tasks such as generating test code, or…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Cristian Augusto , Antonia Bertolino , Guglielmo De Angelis , Francesca Lonetti , Jesús Morán

Assertions have been the de facto collateral for simulation-based and formal verification of hardware designs for over a decade. The quality of hardware verification, i.e., detection and diagnosis of corner-case design bugs, is critically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Vaishnavi Pulavarthi , Deeksha Nandal , Soham Dan , Debjit Pal

In this work, we explore explicit Large Language Model (LLM)-powered support for the iterative design of computer programs. Program design, like other design activity, is characterized by navigating a space of alternative problem…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-11 J. D. Zamfirescu-Pereira , Eunice Jun , Michael Terry , Qian Yang , Björn Hartmann

In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools with potential applications in various fields, including software engineering. Within the scope of this research, we evaluate five different state-of-the-art LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Luis Mayer , Christian Heumann , Matthias Aßenmacher

Testing plays a crucial role in the software development cycle, enabling the detection of bugs, vulnerabilities, and other undesirable behaviors. To perform software testing, testers need to write code snippets that execute the program…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Wenhan Wang , Chenyuan Yang , Zhijie Wang , Yuheng Huang , Zhaoyang Chu , Da Song , Lingming Zhang , An Ran Chen , Lei Ma

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized intelligent application development. While standalone LLMs cannot perform any actions, LLM agents address the limitation by integrating tools. However, debugging LLM agents is difficult and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Niful Islam , Ragib Shahriar Ayon , Deepak George Thomas , Shibbir Ahmed , Mohammad Wardat

Recent development of large language models (LLMs) for code like CodeX and CodeT5+ demonstrates tremendous promise in achieving code intelligence. Their ability of synthesizing code that completes a program for performing a pre-defined task…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Weimin Xiong , Yiwen Guo , Hao Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely used in Software Engineering (SE) for various tasks, including generating code, designing and documenting software, adding code comments, reviewing code, and writing test scripts. However, creating…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Abdul Malik Sami , Zeeshan Rasheed , Muhammad Waseem , Zheying Zhang , Herda Tomas , Pekka Abrahamsson

Educators are increasingly concerned about the usage of Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT in programming education, particularly regarding the potential exploitation of imperfections in Artificial Intelligence Generated Content…

Large language models (LLMs) have significantly improved the ability to perform tasks in the field of code generation. However, there is still a gap between LLMs being capable coders and being top-tier software engineers. Based on the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Jie JW Wu

The design and implementation of unit tests is a complex task many programmers neglect. This research evaluates the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) in automatically generating test cases, comparing them with manual tests. An…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Martín Rodríguez , Gustavo Rossi , Alejandro Fernandez

Unit testing is crucial in software engineering for ensuring quality. However, it's not widely used in parallel and high-performance computing software, particularly scientific applications, due to their smaller, diverse user base and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Rabimba Karanjai , Aftab Hussain , Md Rafiqul Islam Rabin , Lei Xu , Weidong Shi , Mohammad Amin Alipour

This paper investigates the application of large language models (LLM) in the domain of mobile application test script generation. Test script generation is a vital component of software testing, enabling efficient and reliable automation…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Shengcheng Yu , Chunrong Fang , Yuchen Ling , Chentian Wu , Zhenyu Chen

Generative models such as large language models are extensively used as code copilots and for whole program generation. However, the programs they generate often have questionable correctness, authenticity and reliability in terms of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Mirza Masfiqur Rahman , Ashish Kundu