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There is a growing interest in integrating machine learning techniques and optimization to solve challenging optimization problems. In this work, we propose a deep reinforcement learning methodology for the job shop scheduling problem…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-22 Marta Monaci , Valerio Agasucci , Giorgio Grani

Neural combinatorial optimization (NCO) has achieved remarkable performance, yet its learned model representations and decision rationale remain a black box. This impedes both academic research and practical deployment, since researchers…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Zhiqin Zhang , Yining Ma , Zhiguang Cao , Hoong Chuin Lau

Flow Shop Scheduling (FSS) has been widely researched due to its application in many types of fields, while the human participant brings great challenges to this problem. Manpower scheduling captures attention for assigning workers with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-11-17 Shuyun Luo , Wushuang Wang , Mengyuan Fang , Weiqiang Xu

Leveraging planning during learning and decision-making is central to the long-term development of intelligent agents. Recent works have successfully combined tree-based search methods and self-play learning mechanisms to this end. However,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Matthew V Macfarlane , Edan Toledo , Donal Byrne , Paul Duckworth , Alexandre Laterre

In this study, we present a deep learning-optimization framework to tackle dynamic mixed-integer programs. Specifically, we develop a bidirectional Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) framework that can process information forward and backward in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-08 Dogacan Yilmaz , İ. Esra Büyüktahtakın

Recently, a variety of constraint programming and Boolean satisfiability approaches to scheduling problems have been introduced. They have in common the use of relatively simple propagation mechanisms and an adaptive way to focus on the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2011-09-28 Diarmuid Grimes , Emmanuel Hebrard

This article presents an overview of a research study of a crucial optimization problem in the Computer Science/Operations research field: The Job-shop Scheduling Problem (JSP). The JSP is a challenging task in which a set of operations…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-08-08 Mohammed M. S. El-Kholany

Diffusion-based Neural Combinatorial Optimization (NCO) has demonstrated effectiveness in solving NP-complete (NPC) problems by learning discrete diffusion models for solution generation, eliminating hand-crafted domain knowledge. Despite…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Haoyu Lei , Kaiwen Zhou , Yinchuan Li , Zhitang Chen , Farzan Farnia

We propose the *State Space Neural Operator* (SS-NO), a compact architecture for learning solution operators of time-dependent partial differential equations (PDEs). Our formulation extends structured state space models (SSMs) to joint…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Nodens Koren , Samuel Lanthaler

Job shop scheduling problems address the routing and sequencing of tasks in a job shop setting. Despite significant interest from operations research and machine learning communities over the years, a comprehensive platform for testing and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-18 Robbert Reijnen , Igor G. Smit , Hongxiang Zhang , Yaoxin Wu , Zaharah Bukhsh , Yingqian Zhang

Stochastic computer simulations enable users to gain new insights into complex physical systems. Optimization is a common problem in this context: users seek to find model inputs that maximize the expected value of an objective function.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-09-13 Atiye Alaeddini , Daniel J. Klein

Efficiently training a multi-task neural solver for various combinatorial optimization problems (COPs) has been less studied so far. Naive application of conventional multi-task learning approaches often falls short in delivering a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Chenguang Wang , Zhang-Hua Fu , Pinyan Lu , Tianshu Yu

The Job Shop Scheduling Problem (JSP) is central to operations research, primarily optimizing energy efficiency due to its profound environmental and economic implications. Efficient scheduling enhances production metrics and mitigates…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Carlos March , Christian Perez , Miguel A. Salido

Neural Combinatorial Optimization approaches have recently leveraged the expressiveness and flexibility of deep neural networks to learn efficient heuristics for hard Combinatorial Optimization (CO) problems. However, most of the current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Sahil Manchanda , Sofia Michel , Darko Drakulic , Jean-Marc Andreoli

This paper introduces the Random-Key Optimizer (RKO), a versatile and efficient stochastic local search method tailored for combinatorial optimization problems. Using the random-key concept, RKO encodes solutions as vectors of random keys…

Despite the success of neural-based combinatorial optimization methods for end-to-end heuristic learning, out-of-distribution generalization remains a challenge. In this paper, we present a novel formulation of Combinatorial Optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Darko Drakulic , Sofia Michel , Florian Mai , Arnaud Sors , Jean-Marc Andreoli

Combinatorial Optimization (CO) has been a long-standing challenging research topic featured by its NP-hard nature. Traditionally such problems are approximately solved with heuristic algorithms which are usually fast but may sacrifice the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Runzhong Wang , Zhigang Hua , Gan Liu , Jiayi Zhang , Junchi Yan , Feng Qi , Shuang Yang , Jun Zhou , Xiaokang Yang

This paper addresses the Flexible Job Shop Scheduling Problem and its extension with Worker Flexibility, which integrates workforce assignment into machine-operation scheduling. Diverse solvers have been proposed across multiple…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-06 David Hutter , Thomas Steinberger , Michael Hellwig

Accurately quantifying long-term risk probabilities in diverse stochastic systems is essential for safety-critical control. However, existing sampling-based and partial differential equation (PDE)-based methods often struggle to handle…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-29 Zhuoyuan Wang , Raffaele Romagnoli , Kamyar Azizzadenesheli , Yorie Nakahira

Combinatorial optimization problems are pervasive across science and industry. Modern deep learning tools are poised to solve these problems at unprecedented scales, but a unifying framework that incorporates insights from statistical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Martin J. A. Schuetz , J. Kyle Brubaker , Helmut G. Katzgraber