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Large language models (LLMs) have rapidly advanced and are increasingly capable of tackling complex scientific problems, including those in physics. Despite this progress, current LLMs often fail to emulate the concise, principle-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Yinggan Xu , Yue Liu , Zhiqiang Gao , Changnan Peng , Di Luo

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable progress on advanced reasoning tasks such as mathematics and coding competitions. Meanwhile, physics, despite being both reasoning-intensive and essential to real-world understanding,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Shenghe Zheng , Qianjia Cheng , Junchi Yao , Mengsong Wu , Haonan He , Ning Ding , Yu Cheng , Shuyue Hu , Lei Bai , Dongzhan Zhou , Ganqu Cui , Peng Ye

The discipline of physics stands as a cornerstone of human intellect, driving the evolution of technology and deepening our understanding of the fundamental principles of the cosmos. Contemporary literature includes some works centered on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Oshayer Siddique , J. M Areeb Uzair Alam , Md Jobayer Rahman Rafy , Syed Rifat Raiyan , Hasan Mahmud , Md Kamrul Hasan

Navigating the complexities of physics reasoning has long been a difficult task for Large Language Models (LLMs), requiring a synthesis of profound conceptual understanding and adept problem-solving techniques. In this study, we investigate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Nifu Dan , Yujun Cai , Yiwei Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive performance in domains such as mathematics and programming, yet their capabilities in physics remain underexplored and poorly understood. Physics poses unique challenges that demand not…

Large language models demonstrate remarkable capabilities across various domains, especially mathematics and logic reasoning. However, current evaluations overlook physics-based reasoning - a complex task requiring physics theorems and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Xinyu Zhang , Yuxuan Dong , Yanrui Wu , Jiaxing Huang , Chengyou Jia , Basura Fernando , Mike Zheng Shou , Lingling Zhang , Jun Liu

With the continuous advancement of reasoning abilities in Large Language Models (LLMs), their application to scientific reasoning tasks has gained significant research attention. Current research primarily emphasizes boosting LLMs'…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Zhaoxin Yu , Nan Xu , Kun Chen , Jiahao Zhao , Lei Wang , Wenji Mao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in text-based tasks but struggle with the complex reasoning required for physics problems, particularly in advanced arithmetic and conceptual understanding. While some…

The large number of published articles in physics journals under the title "Comments on ..." and "Reply to ..." is indicative that the conceptual understanding of physical phenomena is very elusive and hard to grasp even to experts, but it…

General Physics · Physics 2011-11-18 Sergio Rojas

Reasoning models are the new generation of Large Language Models (LLMs) capable of complex problem solving. Their reliability in solving introductory physics problems was tested by evaluating a sample of n = 5 solutions generated by one…

Physics Education · Physics 2025-08-29 Amir Bralin , N. Sanjay Rebello

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in diverse reasoning tasks, yet their application to complex physics reasoning remains underexplored. Physics reasoning presents unique challenges, requiring…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Song Dai , Yibo Yan , Jiamin Su , Dongfang Zihao , Yubo Gao , Yonghua Hei , Jungang Li , Junyan Zhang , Sicheng Tao , Zhuoran Gao , Xuming Hu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are rapidly advancing across diverse domains, yet their application in theoretical physics remains inadequate. While current models show competence in mathematical reasoning and code generation, we identify…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Sirui Lu , Zhijing Jin , Terry Jingchen Zhang , Pavel Kos , J. Ignacio Cirac , Bernhard Schölkopf

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in solving complex reasoning tasks, particularly in mathematics. However, the domain of physics reasoning presents unique challenges that have received significantly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Xin Xu , Qiyun Xu , Tong Xiao , Tianhao Chen , Yuchen Yan , Jiaxin Zhang , Shizhe Diao , Can Yang , Yang Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are playing an increasingly important role in physics research by assisting with symbolic manipulation, numerical computation, and scientific reasoning. However, ensuring the reliability, transparency, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Yinggan Xu , Hana Kimlee , Yijia Xiao , Di Luo

Physics problem-solving is a challenging domain for AI models, requiring integration of conceptual understanding, mathematical reasoning, and interpretation of physical diagrams. Existing evaluations fail to capture the full breadth and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Lintao Wang , Encheng Su , Jiaqi Liu , Pengze Li , Jiabei Xiao , Wenlong Zhang , Xinnan Dai , Xi Chen , Yuan Meng , Lei Bai , Wanli Ouyang , Shixiang Tang , Aoran Wang , Xinzhu Ma

Physical reasoning remains a significant challenge for Vision-Language Models (VLMs). This limitation arises from an inability to translate learned knowledge into predictions about physical behavior. Although continual fine-tuning can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Vahid Balazadeh , Mohammadmehdi Ataei , Hyunmin Cheong , Amir Hosein Khasahmadi , Rahul G. Krishnan

While multimodal LLMs (MLLMs) demonstrate remarkable reasoning progress, their application in specialized scientific domains like physics reveals significant gaps in current evaluation benchmarks. Specifically, existing benchmarks often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Zhongze Luo , Zhenshuai Yin , Yongxin Guo , Zhichao Wang , Jionghao Zhu , Xiaoying Tang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance in various natural language processing tasks but face challenges in mathematical reasoning, where complex problem-solving requires both linguistic understanding and mathematical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Shuguang Chen , Guang Lin

Our work demonstrates that large language model (LLM) pre-trained on texts can not only solve pure math word problems, but also physics word problems, whose solution requires calculation and inference based on prior physical knowledge. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-21 Jingzhe Ding , Yan Cen , Xinyuan Wei

Small Language Models (SLMs) offer privacy and efficiency for educational deployment, yet their utility depends on reliable multistep reasoning. Existing benchmarks often prioritize final answer accuracy, obscuring 'right answer, wrong…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Nicy Scaria , Silvester John Joseph Kennedy , Krishna Agarwal , Diksha Seth , Deepak Subramani
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