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Reaction-diffusion processes across layered media arise in several scientific domains such as pattern-forming E. coli on agar substrates, epidermal-mesenchymal coupling in development, and symmetry-breaking in cell polarisation. We develop…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2020-09-18 Andrew L. Krause , Václav Klika , Jacob Halatek , Paul K. Grant , Thomas E. Woolley , Neil Dalchau , Eamonn A. Gaffney

As proposed by Alan Turing in 1952 as a ubiquitous mechanism for nonequilibrium pattern formation, diffusional effects may destabilize uniform distributions of reacting chemical species and lead to both spatially and temporally…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2013-10-28 Shigefumi Hata , Hiroya Nakao , Alexander S. Mikhailov

Turing instabilities of reaction-diffusion systems can only arise if the diffusivities of the chemical species are sufficiently different. This threshold is unphysical in most systems with $N=2$ diffusing species, forcing experimental…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-03-17 Pierre A. Haas , Raymond E. Goldstein

Self-organization, the ability of a system of microscopically interacting entities to shape macroscopically ordered structures, is ubiquitous in Nature. Spatio-temporal patterns are abundantly observed in a large plethora of applications,…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2019-06-17 Malbor Asllani , Timoteo Carletti , Duccio Fanelli , Philip K. Maini

Motivated by numerical simulations showing the emergence of either periodic or irregular patterns, we explore a mechanism of pattern formation arising in the processes described by a system of a single reaction-diffusion equation coupled…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-03-19 Anna Marciniak-Czochra , Grzegorz Karch , Kanako Suzuki

We hereby develop the theory of Turing instability for reaction-diffusion systems defined on complex networks assuming finite propagation. Extending to networked systems the framework introduced by Cattaneo in the 40's, we remove the…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2025-10-22 Timoteo Carletti , Riccardo Muolo

Pattern formation from homogeneity is well-studied, but less is known concerning symmetry-breaking instabilities in heterogeneous media. It is nontrivial to separate observed spatial patterning due to inherent spatial heterogeneity from…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2019-12-10 Andrew L. Krause , Václav Klika , Thomas E. Woolley , Eamonn A. Gaffney

The problem of Turing instabilities for a reaction-diffusion system defined on a complex Cartesian product networks is considered. To this end we operate in the linear regime and expand the time dependent perturbation on a basis formed by…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-12-23 Malbor Asllani , Daniel M. Busiello , Timoteo Carletti , Duccio Fanelli , Gwendoline Planchon

In this work we study the effect of density dependent nonlinear diffusion on pattern formation in the Lengyel--Epstein system. Via the linear stability analysis we determine both the Turing and the Hopf instability boundaries and we show…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2014-05-20 G. Gambino , M. C. Lombardo , M. Sammartino

We investigate analytically and numerically the conditions for the Turing instability to occur in a one-dimensional chain of nonlinear oscillators coupled non-locally in such a way that the coupling strength decreases with the spatial…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2015-05-27 R. L. Viana , F. A. dos S. Silva , S. R. Lopes

Turing's theory of pattern formation has been used to describe the formation of self-organised periodic patterns in many biological, chemical and physical systems. However, the use of such models is hindered by our inability to predict, in…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2021-02-03 Srikanth Subramanian , Sean M. Murray

We hereby develop the theory of Turing instability for reaction-diffusion systems defined on m-directed hypergraphs, the latter being generalization of hypergraphs where nodes forming hyperedges can be shared into two disjoint sets, the…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2025-10-22 Marie Dorchain , Wilfried Segnou , Riccardo Muolo , Timoteo Carletti

Turing patterns on unbounded domains have been widely studied in systems of reaction-diffusion equations. However, up to now, they have not been studied for systems of conservation laws. Here, we (i) derive conditions for Turing instability…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2018-01-17 Blake Barker , Soyeun Jung , Kevin Zumbrun

We investigate dynamics near Turing patterns in reaction-diffusion systems posed on the real line. Linear analysis predicts diffusive decay of small perturbations. We construct a "normal form" coordinate system near such Turing patterns…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2015-10-29 Arnd Scheel , Qiliang Wu

Turing's theory of pattern formation is a universal model for self-organization, applicable to many systems in physics, chemistry and biology. Essential properties of a Turing system, such as the conditions for the existence of patterns and…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2018-08-02 Xavier Diego , Luciano Marcon , Patrick Müller , James Sharpe

The Turing mechanism describes the emergence of spatial patterns due to spontaneous symmetry breaking in reaction-diffusion processes and underlies many developmental processes. Identifying Turing mechanisms in biological systems defines a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-20 David Schnörr , Christoph Schnörr

We are surrounded by spatio-temporal patterns resulting from the interaction of the numerous basic units constituting natural or human-made systems. In presence of diffusive-like coupling, Turing theory has been largely applied to explain…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2025-09-15 Marie Dorchain , S. Nirmala Jenifer , Timoteo Carletti

Many cellular patterns exhibit a reaction-diffusion component, suggesting that Turing instability may contribute to pattern formation. However, biological gene-regulatory pathways are more complex than simple Turing activator-inhibitor…

Molecular Networks · Quantitative Biology 2024-12-05 Hazlam S. Ahmad Shaberi , Aibek Kappassov , Antonio Matas-Gil , Robert G. Endres

Spatial patterns arising spontaneously due to internal processes are ubiquitous in nature, varying from regular patterns of dryland vegetation to complex structures of bacterial colonies. Many of these patterns can be explained in the…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2017-08-02 Yuval R. Zelnik , Omer Tzuk

General conditions are established under which reaction-cross-diffusion systems can undergo spatiotemporal pattern-forming instabilities. Recent work has focused on designing systems theoretically and experimentally to exhibit patterns with…

Pattern Formation and Solitons · Physics 2025-08-26 Edgardo Villar-Sepúlveda , Alan R. Champneys , Andrew L. Krause