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In this work, we present a novel technique to directly measure the phase shift of the optical signal scattered by single plasmonic nanoparticles in a diffraction-limited laser focus. We accomplish this by equipping an inverted confocal…

We propose a phase estimation protocol for optical interferometry that employs a probe state (containing on average n photons) obtained by squeezing each mode, separately, of a single photon path entangled Bell state. This scheme involves a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-01-06 Jaspreet Sahota , Daniel F. V. James

Integrated photonic devices have become pivotal elements across most research fields that involve light-based applications. A particularly versatile category of this technology are programmable photonic integrated processors, which are…

We investigate the simultaneous estimation of two optical phases in a three-mode interferometer assisted by optical parametric amplification (OPA). By employing the normally ordered characteristic-function formalism, we analytically obtain…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-20 Huan Zhang , Guofu Yin , Ying Xia , Xiuxing Zhang , Shoukang Chang , Wei Ye

We explore optical quantum engineering of phase-parameterized continuous-variable (CV) probe states to exploit nonclassical light to solve the problem of precise phase estimation. The optical interferometer consists of a single beam…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-11 Mikhail S. Podoshvedov , Sergey A. Podoshvedov

Measuring the phase of light is fundamental to optical imaging, sensing, and signal processing applications. Conventional optical phase measurements rely on multipath configurations, bulky interferometric setups, and computationally…

As a consequence of a general trend in the physics of oscillators and clocks towards optics, phase and frequency metrology is rapidly moving to optics too. Yet, optics is not replacing the traditional radio-frequency (RF) and microwave…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-08-23 Enrico Rubiola , Vincent Giordano , Kirill Volyanskiy , Laurent Larger

Differential wavefront sensing is an essential technique for optimising the performance of many precision interferometric experiments. Perhaps the most extensive application of this is for alignment sensing using radio-frequency beats…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-05-26 Daniel D. Brown , Huy Tuong Cao , Alexei Ciobanu , Peter Veitch , David Ottaway

The Sagnac speed meter interferometer topology can potentially provide enhanced sensitivity to gravitational waves in the audio-band compared to equivalent Michelson interferometers. A challenge with the Sagnac speed meter interferometer…

We introduce a phase imaging mechanism for scanning transmission electron microscopy that exploits the complementary intensity changes of transmitted disks at different scattering angles. For scanning transmission electron microscopy, this…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2023-07-06 Binbin Wang , David W. McComb

Entanglement is a key resource in quantum technologies, enhancing precision and resolution in imaging and sensing by leveraging the cross-correlation of photon pairs. This correlation enables precise time synchronization of photons reaching…

Phase-sensitive coherent imaging exploits changes in the phases of backscattered light to observe tiny alterations of scattering structures or variations of the refractive index. But moving scatterers or a fluctuating refractive index…

Phase is a fundamental resource for optical imaging but cannot be directly observed with intensity measurements. The existing methods to quantify a phase distribution rely on complex devices and structures. Here we experimentally…

Optics · Physics 2020-03-25 Tengfeng Zhu , Junyi Huang , Zhichao Ruan

In atomic and molecular phase measurements using laser-induced fluorescence detection, optical cycling can enhance the effective photon detection efficiency and hence improve sensitivity. We show that detecting many photons per atom or…

Atomic Physics · Physics 2018-11-21 Zack Lasner , David DeMille

The optical Vernier effect magnifies the sensing capabilities of an interferometer, allowing for unprecedented sensitivities and resolutions to be achieved. Just like a caliper uses two different scales to achieve higher resolution…

Photonic integrated circuits (PICs) play a pivotal role in many applications. Particularly powerful are circuits based on meshes of reconfigurable Mach-Zehnder interferometers as they enable active processing of light. Various possibilities…

We present a new imaging technique, swept-angle synthetic wavelength interferometry, for full-field micron-scale 3D sensing. As in conventional synthetic wavelength interferometry, our technique uses light consisting of two…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Alankar Kotwal , Anat Levin , Ioannis Gkioulekas

Multi-photon quantum interference is the underlying principle for optical quantum information processing protocols. Indistinguishability is the key to quantum interference. Therefore, the success of many protocols in optical quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-09-23 Liang Cui , Jie Su , Jiamin Li , Yuhong Liu , Xiaoying Li , Z. Y. Ou

White-light interferometry is one of today's most precise tools for determining optical material properties. Achievable precision and accuracy are typically limited by systematic errors due to a high number of interdependent data fitting…

Many optical measurement techniques, such as light scattering from wavelength-scale particles or detecting motion from a surface with an optical lever, encode information in a complex radiation pattern. Extracting all available information…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-22 Youssef Tawfik , Shan Hao , Thomas P. Purdy