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Few-shot in-context learning (ICL) enables pre-trained language models to perform a previously-unseen task without any gradient-based training by feeding a small number of training examples as part of the input. ICL incurs substantial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-29 Haokun Liu , Derek Tam , Mohammed Muqeeth , Jay Mohta , Tenghao Huang , Mohit Bansal , Colin Raffel

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) has enabled the efficient optimization of cumbersome language models in real-world settings. However, as datasets in such environments often contain noisy labels that adversely affect performance, PEFT…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Yeachan Kim , Junho Kim , SangKeun Lee

Due to their substantial sizes, large language models (LLMs) are typically deployed within a single-backbone multi-tenant framework. In this setup, a single instance of an LLM backbone must cater to multiple users or tasks through the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Tianfang Xie , Tianjing Li , Wei Zhu , Wei Han , Yi Zhao

This paper delves into the pressing need in Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) for Large Language Models (LLMs). While LLMs possess remarkable capabilities, their extensive parameter requirements and associated computational demands…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Chengyu Wang , Junbing Yan , Wei Zhang , Jun Huang

Explorations in fine-tuning Vision-Language Models (VLMs), such as Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) from Parameter Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT), have made impressive progress. However, most approaches rely on explicit weight updates, overlooking…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Mingyuan Zhang , Yue Bai , Yifan Wang , Yiyang Huang , Yun Fu

Transfer learning via fine-tuning pre-trained transformer models has gained significant success in delivering state-of-the-art results across various NLP tasks. In the absence of centralized data, Federated Learning (FL) can benefit from…

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning methods (PEFTs) offer the promise of adapting large pre-trained models while only tuning a small number of parameters. They have been shown to be competitive with full model fine-tuning for many downstream…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Ahmet Üstün , Asa Cooper Stickland

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for adapting large-scale pre-trained models to downstream tasks with minimal additional parameters. Among PEFT methods, Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) stands out for its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Nghiem T. Diep , Dung Le , Tuan Truong , Tan Dinh , Huy Nguyen , Nhat Ho

Orthogonal parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) adapts pretrained weights through structure-preserving multiplicative transformations, but existing methods often conflate two distinct design choices: the subspace in which adaptation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Lanxin Zhao , Bamdev Mishra , Pratik Jawanpuria , Lequan Lin , Dai Shi , Junbin Gao , Andi Han

Continual table semantic parsing aims to train a parser on a sequence of tasks, where each task requires the parser to translate natural language into SQL based on task-specific tables but only offers limited training examples. Conventional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Yongrui Chen , Shenyu Zhang , Guilin Qi , Xinnan Guo

We propose the use of parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) of foundation models for cleft lip and palate (CLP) detection and severity classification. In CLP, nasalization increases with severity due to the abnormal passage between the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-22 Susmita Bhattacharjee , Jagabandhu Mishra , H. S. Shekhawat , S. R. Mahadeva Prasanna

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) using labeled task data can significantly improve the performance of large language models (LLMs) on the downstream task. However, there are 7000 languages in the world and many of these languages lack…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Alexandra Chronopoulou , Jonas Pfeiffer , Joshua Maynez , Xinyi Wang , Sebastian Ruder , Priyanka Agrawal

Fine-tuning is widely used to tailor large language models for specific tasks such as neural machine translation (NMT). However, leveraging transfer learning is computationally expensive when fine-tuning large multilingual models with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Josh McGiff , Nikola S. Nikolov

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) has risen as an innovative training strategy that updates only a select few model parameters, significantly lowering both computational and memory demands. PEFT also helps to decrease data transfer in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Shuangyi Chen , Yue Ju , Hardik Dalal , Zhongwen Zhu , Ashish Khisti

Recently, several approaches successfully demonstrated that weight-sharing Neural Architecture Search (NAS) can effectively explore a search space of elastic low-rank adapters (LoRA), allowing the parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-18 J. Pablo Muñoz , Jinjie Yuan , Nilesh Jain

Large language models are increasingly adapted to downstream tasks through fine-tuning. Full supervised fine-tuning (SFT) and parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods, such as Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), are two dominant approaches.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Darshita Rathore , Vineet Kumar , Chetna Bansal , Anindya Moitra

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) of powerful pre-trained models for complex downstream tasks has proven effective in vision and language processing, yet this paradigm remains unexplored in scientific machine learning, where the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Hangwei Zhang , Chun Kang , Yan Wang , Difan Zou

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) and other parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods provide low-memory, storage-efficient solutions for personalizing text-to-image models. However, these methods offer little to no improvement in wall-clock…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Ethan Smith , Rami Seid , Alberto Hojel , Paramita Mishra , Jianbo Wu

Pre-trained language models (PLMs) show impressive performance in various downstream NLP tasks. However, pre-training large language models demands substantial memory and training compute. Furthermore, due to the substantial resources…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-01 HyunJin Kim , Young Jin Kim , JinYeong Bak

Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods have transformed the approach to fine-tuning large models for downstream tasks by enabling the adjustment of significantly fewer parameters than those in the original model matrices. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Alessio Quercia , Zhuo Cao , Arya Bangun , Richard D. Paul , Abigail Morrison , Ira Assent , Hanno Scharr