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Enhancing the ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) and Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) to interpret sheet music is a crucial step toward building AI musicians. However, current research lacks both evaluation benchmarks and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Zhilin Wang , Zhe Yang , Yun Luo , Yafu Li , Xiaoye Qu , Ziqian Qiao , Haoran Zhang , Runzhe Zhan , Derek F. Wong , Jizhe Zhou , Yu Cheng

Music genre classification is one of the sub-disciplines of music information retrieval (MIR) with growing popularity among researchers, mainly due to the already open challenges. Although research has been prolific in terms of number of…

Sound · Computer Science 2019-12-02 Jaime Ramírez , M. Julia Flores

The current landscape of research leveraging large language models (LLMs) is experiencing a surge. Many works harness the powerful reasoning capabilities of these models to comprehend various modalities, such as text, speech, images,…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Shansong Liu , Atin Sakkeer Hussain , Qilong Wu , Chenshuo Sun , Ying Shan

Despite recent advances in multimodal large language models (MLLMs), their ability to understand and interact with music remains limited. Music understanding requires grounded reasoning over symbolic scores and expressive performance audio,…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Qihao Zhao , Yunqi Cao , Yangyu Huang , Hui Yi Leong , Fan Zhang , Kim-Hui Yap , Wei Hu

With recent breakthroughs in artificial neural networks, deep generative models have become one of the leading techniques for computational creativity. Despite very promising progress on image and short sequence generation, symbolic music…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Ke Chen , Weilin Zhang , Shlomo Dubnov , Gus Xia , Wei Li

Music Structure Analysis (MSA) aims to uncover the high-level organization of musical pieces. State-of-the-art methods are often based on supervised deep learning, but these methods are bottlenecked by the need for heavily annotated data…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Axel Marmoret

Evaluating generative models remains a fundamental challenge, particularly when the goal is to reflect human preferences. In this paper, we use music generation as a case study to investigate the gap between automatic evaluation metrics and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-01 Huan Zhang , Jinhua Liang , Huy Phan , Wenwu Wang , Emmanouil Benetos

In the domain of Music Information Retrieval (MIR), Automatic Music Transcription (AMT) emerges as a central challenge, aiming to convert audio signals into symbolic notations like musical notes or sheet music. This systematic review…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Fatemeh Jamshidi , Gary Pike , Amit Das , Richard Chapman

Music Genre Classification is one of the most popular topics in the fields of Music Information Retrieval (MIR) and digital signal processing. Deep Learning has emerged as the top performer for classifying music genres among various…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Yichen Liu , Abhijit Dasgupta , Qiwei He

Despite advances in deep algorithmic music generation, evaluation of generated samples often relies on human evaluation, which is subjective and costly. We focus on designing a homogeneous, objective framework for evaluating samples of…

In recent years, deep learning technique has received intense attention owing to its great success in image recognition. A tendency of adaption of deep learning in various information processing fields has formed, including music…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-06-28 Wenhao Bian , Jie Wang , Bojin Zhuang , Jiankui Yang , Shaojun Wang , Jing Xiao

Graph generation is a crucial task in many fields, including network science and bioinformatics, as it enables the creation of synthetic graphs that mimic the properties of real-world networks for various applications. Graph Generative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Salvatore Romano , Marco Grassia , Giuseppe Mangioni

The increasing global prevalence of mental disorders, such as depression and PTSD, requires objective and scalable diagnostic tools. Traditional clinical assessments often face limitations in accessibility, objectivity, and consistency.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-03 Abdelrahaman A. Hassan , Abdelrahman A. Ali , Aya E. Fouda , Radwa J. Hanafy , Mohammed E. Fouda

In recent years, the use of large language models (LLMs) to generate music content, particularly lyrics, has gained in popularity. These advances provide valuable tools for artists and enhance their creative processes, but they also raise…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Yanis Labrak , Markus Frohmann , Gabriel Meseguer-Brocal , Elena V. Epure

Multimodal Generative Models (MGMs) have rapidly evolved beyond text generation, now spanning diverse output modalities including images, music, video, human motion, and 3D objects, by integrating language with other sensory modalities…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Longzhen Han , Awes Mubarak , Almas Baimagambetov , Nikolaos Polatidis , Thar Baker

Procedural Music Generation (PMG) is an emerging field that algorithmically creates music content for video games. By leveraging techniques from simple rule-based approaches to advanced machine learning algorithms, PMG has the potential to…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Shangxuan Luo , Joshua Reiss

Parallel to rapid advancements in foundation model research, the past few years have witnessed a surge in music AI applications. As AI-generated and AI-augmented music become increasingly mainstream, many researchers in the music AI…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Megan Wei , Mateusz Modrzejewski , Aswin Sivaraman , Dorien Herremans

Vision-to-music Generation, including video-to-music and image-to-music tasks, is a significant branch of multimodal artificial intelligence demonstrating vast application prospects in fields such as film scoring, short video creation, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Zhaokai Wang , Chenxi Bao , Le Zhuo , Jingrui Han , Yang Yue , Yihong Tang , Victor Shea-Jay Huang , Yue Liao

Music representation learning is central to music information retrieval and generation. While recent advances in multimodal learning have improved alignment between text and audio for tasks such as cross-modal music retrieval, text-to-music…

Detecting AI-generated music is crucial for preserving artistic authenticity and preventing the misuse of generative music technologies. However, existing discriminative detectors typically rely on generated samples during training and…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Chaolei Han , Hongsong Wang , Jie Gui