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Score-based diffusion models demonstrate superior performance in generative tasks but encounter fundamental bottlenecks in inverse problems due to the analytical intractability of the time-dependent likelihood score. To bridge this gap, we…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-28 Boyang Zhang , Zhiguo Wang , Ya-Feng Liu

Bayesian methods are appealing in their flexibility in modeling complex data and ability in capturing uncertainty in parameters. However, when Bayes' rule does not result in tractable closed-form, most approximate inference algorithms lack…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-05-09 Bo Dai , Niao He , Hanjun Dai , Le Song

Probabilistic graphical models (PGMs) are widely used to discover latent structure in data, but their success hinges on selecting an appropriate model design. In practice, model specification is difficult and often requires iterative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Kevin Zhang , Yixin Wang

Existing score-based methods for inverse problems often resort to approximate minimization of the KL divergence between the inversion distribution and the Bayesian posterior. Such an approximation leads to severe mode collapse and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Weimin Bai , Yuxuan Gu , Yifei Wang , Weijian Luo , He Sun

Pairwise Markov Models (PMMs) extend the wellknown Hidden Markov Models (HMMs). Being significantly more general, PMMs enable several types of processing, like Bayesian filtering or smoothing, similar to those used in HMMs. In this paper,…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-02-13 Marc Escudier , Ikram Abdelkefi , Clément Fernandes , Wojciech Pieczynski

Diffusion models (DMs) have proven to be effective in modeling high-dimensional distributions, leading to their widespread adoption for representing complex priors in Bayesian inverse problems (BIPs). However, current DM-based posterior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Haoxuan Chen , Yinuo Ren , Martin Renqiang Min , Lexing Ying , Zachary Izzo

Bayesian models based on Gaussian processes (GPs) offer a flexible framework to predict spatially distributed variables with uncertainty. But the use of nonstationary priors, often necessary for capturing complex spatial patterns, makes…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-02 Gabriel V Cardoso , Mike Pereira

Modern generative models can produce realistic samples, however, balancing memorisation and generalisation remains an open problem. We approach this challenge from a Bayesian perspective by focusing on the parameter space of flow matching…

Beyond estimating parameters of interest from data, one of the key goals of statistical inference is to properly quantify uncertainty in these estimates. In Bayesian inference, this uncertainty is provided by the posterior distribution, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Daniela de Albuquerque , John Pearson

Physics-inspired Generative Models (GMs), in particular Diffusion Models (DMs) and Poisson Flow Models (PFMs), enhance Bayesian methods and promise great utility in medical imaging. This review examines the transformative role of such…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-26 Dennis Hein , Afshin Bozorgpour , Dorit Merhof , Ge Wang

The Gaussian mixture model is a classic technique for clustering and data modeling that is used in numerous applications. With the rise of big data, there is a need for parameter estimation techniques that can handle streaming data and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-09-20 Priyank Jaini , Pascal Poupart

In many statistical problems, a more coarse-grained model may be suitable for population-level behaviour, whereas a more detailed model is appropriate for accurate modelling of individual behaviour. This raises the question of how to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2015-11-02 Mingjun Zhong , Nigel Goddard , Charles Sutton

We present a novel method for exemplar-based image translation, called matching interleaved diffusion models (MIDMs). Most existing methods for this task were formulated as GAN-based matching-then-generation framework. However, in this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Junyoung Seo , Gyuseong Lee , Seokju Cho , Jiyoung Lee , Seungryong Kim

We derive a novel generative model from iterative Gaussian posterior inference. By treating the generated sample as an unknown variable, we can formulate the sampling process in the language of Bayesian probability. Our model uses a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Marten Lienen , Marcel Kollovieh , Stephan Günnemann

The neural-network denoising functions which form the backbone of image diffusion models are remarkably consistent in their generalization behaviour across a wide variety of network architectures and training procedure hyperparameters. A…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Matthew Niedoba , Berend Zwartsenberg , Frank Wood

While Bayesian inference provides a principled framework for reasoning under uncertainty, its widespread adoption is limited by the intractability of exact posterior computation, necessitating the use of approximate inference. However,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-19 George Whittle , Juliusz Ziomek , Jacob Rawling , Maike A. Osborne

Generalized linear mixed models (GLMM) are used for inference and prediction in a wide range of different applications providing a powerful scientific tool. An increasing number of sources of data are becoming available, introducing a…

Computation · Statistics 2019-03-19 Aliaksandr Hubin , Geir Storvik

Channel estimation is essential to massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. While recent generative model-based approaches using lightweight diffusion models (DMs) have achieved superior performance, they typically rely on a…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-19 Zhuorui Jiang , Jun Fang , Boyu Ning , Hongbin Li , Ying-Chang Liang

Sampling from the posterior is a key technical problem in Bayesian statistics. Rigorous guarantees are difficult to obtain for Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithms of common use. In this paper, we study an alternative class of algorithms…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-08-26 Andrea Montanari , Yuchen Wu

A conventional Bayesian approach to prediction uses the posterior distribution to integrate out parameters in a density for unobserved data conditional on the observed data and parameters. When the true posterior is intractable, it is…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-27 Lucas Kock , Scott A. Sisson , G. S. Rodrigues , David J. Nott
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