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Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in tasks requiring reasoning and multi-step problem-solving through the use of chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting. However, generating the full CoT process results in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Tianqiao Liu , Zui Chen , Zitao Liu , Mi Tian , Weiqi Luo

Generating Chain-of-Thought (CoT) before deriving the answer can effectively improve the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) and significantly improve the accuracy of the generated answer. However, in most cases, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Yu Kang , Xianghui Sun , Liangyu Chen , Wei Zou

While long, explicit chains-of-thought (CoT) have proven effective on complex reasoning tasks, they are costly to generate during inference. Non-verbal reasoning methods have emerged with shorter generation lengths by leveraging continuous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Keshav Ramji , Tahira Naseem , Ramón Fernandez Astudillo

Reasoning models have demonstrated remarkable progress in solving complex and logic-intensive tasks by generating extended Chain-of-Thoughts (CoTs) prior to arriving at a final answer. Yet, the emergence of this "slow-thinking" paradigm,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Sicheng Feng , Gongfan Fang , Xinyin Ma , Xinchao Wang

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning successfully enhances the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), yet it incurs substantial computational overhead for inference. Existing CoT compression methods often suffer from a critical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yuntian Tang , Bohan Jia , Wenxuan Huang , Lianyue Zhang , Jiao Xie , Wenxi Li , Wei Li , Jie Hu , Xinghao Chen Rongrong Ji , Shaohui Lin

Recent developments have enabled advanced reasoning in Large Language Models (LLMs) via long Chain-of-Thought (CoT), while long CoT suffers from high computational costs and significant latency losses owing to the autoregressive nature of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Chengzhengxu Li , Xiaoming Liu , Zhaohan Zhang , Shaochu Zhang , Shengchao Liu , Guoxin Ma , Yu Lan , Chao Shen

Chain of thought (CoT) elicits reasoning in large language models by explicitly generating intermediate tokens. In contrast, latent thought reasoning operates directly in the continuous latent space, enabling computation beyond discrete…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Kevin Xu , Issei Sato

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) is a critical technique in enhancing the reasoning ability of Large Language Models (LLMs), and latent reasoning methods have been proposed to accelerate the inefficient token-level reasoning chain. We notice that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Fangwei Zhu , Zhifang Sui

Explicit chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning substantially improves the reasoning ability of large language models (LLMs), but incurs high inference cost due to lengthy autoregressive traces. Existing latent reasoning methods offer a promising…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Hui Xie , Jie Liu , Ziyue Qiao , Joaquin Vanschore

Modern reasoning models, such as OpenAI's o1 and DeepSeek-R1, exhibit impressive problem-solving capabilities but suffer from critical inefficiencies: high inference latency, excessive computational resource consumption, and a tendency…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Hang Yuan , Bin Yu , Haotian Li , Shijun Yang , Christina Dan Wang , Zhou Yu , Xueyin Xu , Weizhen Qi , Kai Chen

Chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting improves reasoning but often increases inference cost by one to two orders of magnitude. To address these challenges, we present \textbf{OneLatent}, a framework that compresses intermediate reasoning into a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Bo Lv , Yasheng Sun , Junjie Wang , Haoxiang Shi

Chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning has enabled large language models (LLMs) to utilize additional computation through intermediate tokens to solve complex tasks. However, we posit that typical reasoning traces contain many redundant tokens,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Tergel Munkhbat , Namgyu Ho , Seo Hyun Kim , Yongjin Yang , Yujin Kim , Se-Young Yun

Chain-of-thought (CoT) is a method that enables language models to handle complex reasoning tasks by decomposing them into simpler steps. Despite its success, the underlying mechanics of CoT are not yet fully understood. In an attempt to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Yingcong Li , Kartik Sreenivasan , Angeliki Giannou , Dimitris Papailiopoulos , Samet Oymak

Recent large language models achieve strong reasoning performance by generating detailed chain-of-thought traces, but this often leads to excessive token use and high inference latency. Existing efficiency approaches typically focus on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Lukas Struppek , Dominik Hintersdorf , Hannah Struppek , Daniel Neider , Kristian Kersting

Compressing long chains of thought (CoT) into compact latent tokens is crucial for efficient reasoning with large language models (LLMs). Recent studies employ autoencoders to achieve this by reconstructing textual CoT from latent tokens,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Xiaoshu Chen , Sihang Zhou , Ke Liang , Taichun Zhou , Xinwang Liu

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting has achieved remarkable success in unlocking the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). Although CoT prompting enhances reasoning, its verbosity imposes substantial computational overhead.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yifan Wang , Shiyu Li , Peiming Li , Xiaochen Yang , Yang Tang , Zheng Wei

Generating intermediate steps, or Chain of Thought (CoT), is an effective way to significantly improve language models' (LM) multi-step reasoning capability. However, the CoT lengths can grow rapidly with the problem complexity, easily…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Soochan Lee , Gunhee Kim

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning enables Large Language Models (LLMs) to solve complex reasoning tasks by generating intermediate reasoning steps. However, most existing approaches focus on hard token decoding, which constrains reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Yige Xu , Xu Guo , Zhiwei Zeng , Chunyan Miao

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning enhances large language models (LLMs) by enabling step-by-step problem-solving, yet its extension to Long-CoT introduces substantial computational overhead due to increased token length. Existing compression…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Yibo Wang , Haotian Luo , Huanjin Yao , Tiansheng Huang , Haiying He , Rui Liu , Naiqiang Tan , Jiaxing Huang , Xiaochun Cao , Dacheng Tao , Li Shen

Implicit Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reduces the inference cost of large language models by internalizing the explicit rationales. However, existing approaches typically lack alignment with explicit rationales and adaptivity to example…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Yukyung Lee , Yumeng Shen , Jinhyeong Park , Hyein Yang , Jun-Hyung Park
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