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The massive generation of time-series data by largescale Internet of Things (IoT) devices necessitates the exploration of more effective models for multivariate time-series forecasting. In previous models, there was a predominant use of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Wenyong Han , Tao Zhu Member , Liming Chen , Huansheng Ning , Yang Luo , Yaping Wan

Time series forecasting has attracted significant attention in recent decades. Previous studies have demonstrated that the Channel-Independent (CI) strategy improves forecasting performance by treating different channels individually, while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-07 Jialin Chen , Jan Eric Lenssen , Aosong Feng , Weihua Hu , Matthias Fey , Leandros Tassiulas , Jure Leskovec , Rex Ying

Irregular multivariate time series (IMTS) is characterized by the lack of synchronized observations across its different channels. In this paper, we point out that this channel-wise asynchrony can lead to poor channel-wise modeling of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Shuhan Zhong , Weipeng Zhuo , Sizhe Song , Guanyao Li , Zhongyi Yu , S. -H. Gary Chan

Multivariate time series data comprises various channels of variables. The multivariate forecasting models need to capture the relationship between the channels to accurately predict future values. However, recently, there has been an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-12 Lu Han , Han-Jia Ye , De-Chuan Zhan

There has been an emergence of various models for long-term time series forecasting. Recent studies have demonstrated that a single linear layer, using Channel Dependent (CD) or Channel Independent (CI) modeling, can even outperform a large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Yuan Peiwen , Zhu Changsheng

Irregularly sampled time series (ISTS) data has irregular temporal intervals between observations and different sampling rates between sequences. ISTS commonly appears in healthcare, economics, and geoscience. Especially in the medical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Chenxi Sun , Shenda Hong , Moxian Song , Hongyan Li

Irregular Multivariate Time Series (IMTS) forecasting is challenging due to the unaligned nature of multi-channel signals and the prevalence of extensive missing data. Existing methods struggle to capture reliable temporal patterns from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Zhangyi Hu , Jiemin Wu , Hua Xu , Mingqian Liao , Ninghui Feng , Bo Gao , Songning Lai , Yutao Yue

Time series forecasting methods generally fall into two main categories: Channel Independent (CI) and Channel Dependent (CD) strategies. While CI overlooks important covariate relationships, CD captures all dependencies without distinction,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Yifan Hu , Guibin Zhang , Peiyuan Liu , Disen Lan , Naiqi Li , Dawei Cheng , Tao Dai , Shu-Tao Xia , Shirui Pan

Irregularly sampled multivariate time series (ISMTS) are prevalent in reality. Most existing methods treat ISMTS as synchronized regularly sampled time series with missing values, neglecting that the irregularities are primarily attributed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Jiexi Liu , Meng Cao , Songcan Chen

Multivariate time series forecasting plays a crucial role in various real-world applications. Significant efforts have been made to integrate advanced network architectures and training strategies that enhance the capture of temporal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Zhiding Liu , Jiqian Yang , Qingyang Mao , Yuze Zhao , Mingyue Cheng , Zhi Li , Qi Liu , Enhong Chen

In the domain of multivariate time series analysis, the concept of channel independence has been increasingly adopted, demonstrating excellent performance due to its ability to eliminate noise and the influence of irrelevant variables.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Haoxin Wang , Yipeng Mo , Kunlan Xiang , Nan Yin , Honghe Dai , Bixiong Li , Songhai Fan , Site Mo

In multivariate time series forecasting (MTSF), accurately modeling the intricate dependencies among multiple variables remains a significant challenge due to the inherent limitations of traditional approaches. Most existing models adopt…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Yuchen Luo , Xinyu Li , Liuhua Peng , Mingming Gong

Time series forecasting has attracted significant attention in the field of AI. Previous works have revealed that the Channel-Independent (CI) strategy improves forecasting performance by modeling each channel individually, but it often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Dongyuan Li , Shun Zheng , Chang Xu , Jiang Bian , Renhe Jiang

Multivariate time-series analysis involves extracting informative representations from sequences of multiple interdependent variables, supporting tasks such as forecasting, imputation, and anomaly detection. In real-world scenarios, these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Israel Zexer , Omri Azencot

The balance between model capacity and generalization has been a key focus of recent discussions in long-term time series forecasting. Two representative channel strategies are closely associated with model expressivity and robustness,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Tong Nie , Yuewen Mei , Guoyang Qin , Jian Sun , Wei Ma

Recent advancements in foundation models have been successfully extended to the time series (TS) domain, facilitated by the emergence of large-scale TS datasets. However, previous efforts have primarily Capturing channel dependency (CD) is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Seunghan Lee , Taeyoung Park , Kibok Lee

Irregular multivariate time series (IMTS) are characterized by irregular time intervals within variables and unaligned observations across variables, posing challenges in learning temporal and variable dependencies. Many existing IMTS…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Boyuan Li , Yicheng Luo , Zhen Liu , Junhao Zheng , Jianming Lv , Qianli Ma

Current methods for multivariate time series forecasting can be classified into channel-dependent and channel-independent models. Channel-dependent models learn cross-channel features but often overfit the channel ordering, which hampers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Jiyuan Xu , Wenyu Zhang , Xin Jing , Shuai Chen , Shuai Zhang , Jiahao Nie

Irregular Multivariate Time Series (IMTS) are characterized by uneven intervals between consecutive timestamps, which carry sampling pattern information valuable and informative for learning temporal and variable dependencies. In addition,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Boyuan Li , Zhen Liu , Yicheng Luo , Qianli Ma

Recent advancements have underscored the impact of deep learning techniques on multivariate time series forecasting (MTSF). Generally, these techniques are bifurcated into two categories: Channel-independence and Channel-mixing approaches.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Shiyi Qi , Liangjian Wen , Yiduo Li , Yuanhang Yang , Zhe Li , Zhongwen Rao , Lujia Pan , Zenglin Xu
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