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Zk-SNARKs help scale blockchains with Verifiable Off-chain Computations (VOC). zk-SNARK DSL toolkits are key when designing arithmetic circuits but fall short of automating the subsequent proof-generation step in an automated manner. We…
Zero-knowledge proof (ZKP) mixers are one of the most widely-used blockchain privacy solutions, operating on top of smart contract-enabled blockchains. We find that ZKP mixers are tightly intertwined with the growing number of Decentralized…
Data valuation is a foundational task in data marketplaces, where a Shapley-value attribution determines how a buyer's payment is distributed among data providers. Typically, the marketplace operator runs this attribution alone, requiring…
Blockchain technology is rapidly evolving, with scalability remaining one of its most significant challenges. While various solutions have been proposed and continue to be developed, it is essential to consider the blockchain trilemma --…
Zero-knowledge proofs (ZKPs) are widely applied in digital economies, such as cryptocurrencies and smart contracts, for establishing trust and ensuring privacy between untrusted parties. However, almost all ZKPs rely on unproven…
Collision-resistant, cryptographic hash (CRH) functions have long been an integral part of providing security and privacy in modern systems. Certain constructions of zero-knowledge proof (ZKP) protocols aim to utilize CRH functions to…
In this paper we present ZKlaims: a system that allows users to present attribute-based credentials in a privacy-preserving way. We achieve a zero-knowledge property on the basis of Succinct Non-interactive Arguments of Knowledge (SNARKs).…
Ensuring that AI models are both verifiable and privacy-preserving is important for trust, accountability, and compliance. To address these concerns, recent research has focused on developing zero-knowledge machine learning (zkML)…
In database applications involving sensitive data, the dual imperatives of data confidentiality and provable query processing are important. This paper introduces PoneglyphDB, a database system that leverages non-interactive zero-knowledge…
Many seminal results in Interactive Proofs (IPs) use algebraic techniques based on low-degree polynomials, the study of which is pervasive in theoretical computer science. Unfortunately, known methods for endowing such proofs with zero…
We propose a middleware solution designed to facilitate seamless integration of privacy using zero-knowledge proofs within various multi-chain protocols, encompassing domains such as DeFi, gaming, social networks, DAOs, e-commerce, and the…
We consider a type of zero-knowledge protocols that are of interest for their practical applications within networks like the Internet: efficient zero-knowledge arguments of knowledge that remain secure against concurrent man-in-the-middle…
Federated learning (FL) allows multiple parties to cooperatively learn a federated model without sharing private data with each other. The need of protecting such federated models from being plagiarized or misused, therefore, motivates us…
This paper explores how zero-knowledge proofs can enhance Bitcoin's functionality and privacy. First, we consider Proof-of-Reserve schemes: by using zk-STARKs, a custodian can prove its Bitcoin holdings are more than a predefined threshold…
As the demand for compute power in traditional neural networks has increased significantly, spiking neural networks (SNNs) have emerged as a potential solution to increasingly power-hungry neural networks. By operating on 0/1 spikes emitted…
In a world of increasing closed-source commercial machine learning models, model evaluations from developers must be taken at face value. These benchmark results-whether over task accuracy, bias evaluations, or safety checks-are…
A zk-SNARK is a protocol that lets one party, the prover, prove to another party, the verifier, that a statement about some privately-held information is true without revealing the information itself. This paper describes technical…
The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) has brought about sophisticated models capable of various tasks ranging from image recognition to natural language processing. As these models continue to grow in complexity, ensuring…
Zero-Knowledge (ZK) rollups have become a popular solution for scaling blockchain systems, offering improved transaction throughput and reduced costs by aggregating Layer 2 transactions and submitting them as a single batch to a Layer 1…
Non-interactive zero-knowledge (NIZK) proofs of knowledge have proven to be highly relevant for securely realizing a wide array of applications that rely on both privacy and correctness. They enable a prover to convince any party of the…