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Depth estimation is an essential component in understanding the 3D geometry of a scene, with numerous applications in urban and indoor settings. These scenes are characterized by a prevalence of human made structures, which in most of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-03 Mattia Rossi , Mireille El Gheche , Andreas Kuhn , Pascal Frossard

Despite the popularity of the Adam optimizer in practice, most theoretical analyses study Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) as a proxy for Adam, and little is known about how the solutions found by Adam differ. In this paper, we show that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Xinghan Li , Haodong Wen , Kaifeng Lyu

Adaptive first-order optimizers are fundamental tools in deep learning, although they may suffer from poor generalization due to the nonuniform gradient scaling. In this work, we propose AdamL, a novel variant of the Adam optimizer, that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-12-27 Lu Xia , Stefano Massei

Accelerated gradient-based methods are being extensively used for solving non-convex machine learning problems, especially when the data points are abundant or the available data is distributed across several agents. Two of the prominent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-04 Kushal Chakrabarti , Nikhil Chopra

We introduce Velocity-Regularized Adam (VRAdam), a physics-inspired optimizer for training deep neural networks that draws on ideas from quartic terms for kinetic energy with its stabilizing effects on various system dynamics. Previous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Pranav Vaidhyanathan , Lucas Schorling , Natalia Ares , Michael A. Osborne

Modern deep learning systems do not generalize well when the test data distribution is slightly different to the training data distribution. While much promising work has been accomplished to address this fragility, a systematic study of…

Domain generalization (DG) seeks to learn robust models that generalize well under unknown distribution shifts. As a critical aspect of DG, optimizer selection has not been explored in depth. Currently, most DG methods follow the widely…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-24 Xingxuan Zhang , Renzhe Xu , Han Yu , Yancheng Dong , Pengfei Tian , Peng Cu

First-order stochastic optimization methods are currently the most widely used class of methods for training deep neural networks. However, the choice of the optimizer has become an ad-hoc rule that can significantly affect the performance.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-21 Samy Jelassi , Aaron Defazio

Momentum based optimizers are central to a wide range of machine learning applications. These typically rely on an Exponential Moving Average (EMA) of gradients, which decays exponentially the present contribution of older gradients. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Matteo Pagliardini , Pierre Ablin , David Grangier

Since the 21st century, artificial intelligence has been leading a new round of industrial revolution. Under the training framework, the optimization algorithm aims to stably converge high-dimensional optimization to local and even global…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Meng Zhu , Quan Xiao , Weidong Min

Despite their remarkable capabilities, LLMs learn word representations that exhibit the undesirable yet poorly understood feature of anisotropy. In this paper, we argue that the second moment in Adam is a cause of anisotropic embeddings,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Felix Stollenwerk , Tobias Stollenwerk

Adaptive gradient methods, e.g. \textsc{Adam}, have achieved tremendous success in machine learning. Scaling the learning rate element-wisely by a certain form of second moment estimate of gradients, such methods are able to attain rapid…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-10 Yizhou Wang , Yue Kang , Can Qin , Huan Wang , Yi Xu , Yulun Zhang , Yun Fu

Despite substantial progress in the field of deep learning, overfitting persists as a critical challenge, and data augmentation has emerged as a particularly promising approach due to its capacity to enhance model generalization in various…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Wen Liang , Youzhi Liang , Jianguo Jia

Solving a problem with a deep learning model requires researchers to optimize the loss function with a certain optimization method. The research community has developed more than a hundred different optimizers, yet there is scarce data on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-03-08 Dmitry Pasechnyuk , Anton Prazdnichnykh , Mikhail Evtikhiev , Timofey Bryksin

Modern deep learning models are over-parameterized, where different optima can result in widely varying generalization performance. The Sharpness-Aware Minimization (SAM) technique modifies the fundamental loss function that steers gradient…

Person re-identification (Re-ID) aims to match images of the same individual across non-overlapping camera views and remains challenging due to domain shifts caused by variations in illumination, background, camera characteristics, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Sundas Iqbal , Qing Tian , Danish Ali , Jianping Gou , Weihua Oue

Federated learning on edge devices must cope with non-IID client data and tight memory budgets. Adaptive optimizers like Adam stabilize training under data heterogeneity but require storing full-precision momentum and variance states, often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Vedant Waykole , Haroon R. Lone

In this paper, we introduce StochGradAdam, a novel optimizer designed as an extension of the Adam algorithm, incorporating stochastic gradient sampling techniques to improve computational efficiency while maintaining robust performance.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Juyoung Yun

This paper considers a novel application of deep AUC maximization (DAM) for multi-instance learning (MIL), in which a single class label is assigned to a bag of instances (e.g., multiple 2D slices of a CT scan for a patient). We address a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Dixian Zhu , Bokun Wang , Zhi Chen , Yaxing Wang , Milan Sonka , Xiaodong Wu , Tianbao Yang

One of the primary reasons behind the success of neural networks has been the emergence of an array of new, highly-successful optimizers, perhaps most importantly the Adam optimizer. It is widely used for training neural networks, yet…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Benedikt Brantner