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Email spoofing is a critical step of phishing, where the attacker impersonates someone the victim knows or trusts. In this paper, we conduct a qualitative study to explore why email spoofing is still possible after years of efforts to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-02-08 Hang Hu , Peng Peng , Gang Wang

Security exploits can include cyber threats such as computer programs that can disturb the normal behavior of computer systems (viruses), unsolicited e-mail (spam), malicious software (malware), monitoring software (spyware), attempting to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-06-26 Nalin Asanka Gamagedara Arachchilage , Mumtaz Abdul Hameed

Developments in artificial intelligence (AI) are likely to affect social engineering and change cyber defense operations. The broad and sweeping nature of AI impact means that many aspects of social engineering could be automated,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Krystal A. Jackson

Phishing attacks threaten online users, often leading to data breaches, financial losses, and identity theft. Traditional phishing detection systems struggle with high false positive rates and are usually limited by the types of attacks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Sneha Baskota

Spam messages muddle up users inbox, consume network resources, and build up DDoS attacks, spread malware. Our goal is to present a definite figure about the characteristics of spam and spam vulnerable email accounts. These evaluations help…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-11-15 Cynthia Dhinakaran , Dhinaharan Nagamalai , Jae Kwang Lee

Phishing attacks frequently use email body obfuscation to bypass detection filters, but quantitative insights into how techniques are combined and their impact on filter scores remain limited. This paper addresses this gap by empirically…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Antony Dalmiere , Zheng Zhou , Guillaume Auriol , Vincent Nicomette , Pascal Marchand

Targeted phishing emails are on the rise and facilitate the theft of billions of dollars from organizations a year. While malicious signals from attached files or malicious URLs in emails can be detected by conventional malware signatures…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-10-08 Younghoo Lee , Joshua Saxe , Richard Harang

In this paper, we present a general scheme for building reproducible and extensible datasets for website phishing detection. The aim is to (1) enable comparison of systems using different features, (2) overtake the short-lived nature of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-24 Abdelhakim Hannousse , Salima Yahiouche

Email tracking allows email senders to collect fine-grained behavior and location data on email recipients, who are uniquely identifiable via their email address. Such tracking invades user privacy in that email tracking techniques gather…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2018-06-12 Johannes Haupt , Benedict Bender , Benjamin Fabian , Stefan Lessmann

In the growing world of the internet, the number of ways to obtain crucial data such as passwords and login credentials, as well as sensitive personal information has expanded. Page impersonation, often known as phishing, is one method of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Aman Rangapur , Tarun Kanakam , Dhanvanthini P

In the realm of cybersecurity, phishing stands as a prevalent cyber attack, where attackers employ various tactics to deceive users into gathering their sensitive information, potentially leading to identity theft or financial gain.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Aditya Kulkarni , Vivek Balachandran , Tamal Das

Every day, internet thieves employ new ways to obtain personal identity people and get access to their personal information. Phishing is a somehow complex method that has recently been considered by internet thieves.The present study aims…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-06-09 Shahrzad Sedaghat

Phishing attacks pose a significant threat to Internet users, with cybercriminals elaborately replicating the visual appearance of legitimate websites to deceive victims. Visual similarity-based detection systems have emerged as an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-31 Fujiao Ji , Kiho Lee , Hyungjoon Koo , Wenhao You , Euijin Choo , Hyoungshick Kim , Doowon Kim

Phishing attacks continue to be a significant threat on the Internet. Prior studies show that it is possible to determine whether a website is phishing or not just by analyzing its URL more carefully. A major advantage of the URL based…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Harshal Tupsamudre , Sparsh Jain , Sachin Lodha

We present an observational study on the relationship between demographic factors and phishing susceptibility at the University of Maryland, Baltimore County (UMBC). In spring 2018, we delivered phishing attacks to 450 randomly-selected…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-11-16 Alejandra Diaz , Alan T. Sherman , Anupam Joshi

The way we communicate and work has changed significantly with the rise of the Internet. While it has opened up new opportunities, it has also brought about an increase in cyber threats. One common and serious threat is phishing, where…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Furkan Çolhak , Mert İlhan Ecevit , Bilal Emir Uçar , Reiner Creutzburg , Hasan Dağ

The security evaluation for Mail Distribution Systems focuses on certification and reliability of sensitive data between mail servers. The need to certify the information conveyed is a result of known weaknesses in the simple mail transfer…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-11-18 Antonis S. Rizopoulos , Dimitrios N. Kallergis , George N. Prezerakos

In 2024, the Anti-Phishing Work Group identified over one million phishing pages. Phishers achieve this scale by using phishing kits -- ready-to-deploy phishing websites -- to rapidly deploy phishing campaigns with specific data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Aleksandr Nahapetyan , Kanv Khare , Kevin Schwarz , Bradley Reaves , Alexandros Kapravelos

Internet technology is so pervasive today, for example, from online social networking to online banking, it has made people's lives more comfortable. Due the growth of Internet technology, security threats to systems and networks are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-05-30 B. B. Gupta , Nalin Asanka Gamagedara Arachchilage , Konstantinos E. Psannis

Phishing remains the most pervasive threat to the Web, enabling large-scale credential theft and financial fraud through deceptive webpages. While recent reference-based and generative-AI-driven phishing detectors achieve strong accuracy,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Tailai Song , Pedro Casas , Michela Meo