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Website fingerprinting is an attack that uses size and timing characteristics of encrypted downloads to identify targeted websites. Since this can defeat the privacy goals of anonymity networks such as Tor, many algorithms to defend against…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-08 Ethan Witwer , James Holland , Nicholas Hopper

Website fingerprinting enables an attacker to infer which web page a client is browsing through encrypted or anonymized network connections. We present a new website fingerprinting technique based on random decision forests and evaluate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-02-22 Jamie Hayes , George Danezis

One of the most important obligations of privacy-enhancing technologies is to bring confidentiality and privacy to users' browsing activities on the Internet. The website fingerprinting attack enables a local passive eavesdropper to predict…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-04-14 Amir Mahdi Sadeghzadeh , Behrad Tajali , Rasool Jalili

Website fingerprinting (WF) attacks remain a significant threat to encrypted traffic, prompting the development of a wide range of defenses. Among these, two prominent classes are regularization-based defenses, which shape traffic using…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Khashayar Khajavi , Tao Wang

Tor is an anonymity network used by millions of people every day to evade censorship and protect their browsing activity from privacy threats such as mass surveillance. Unfortunately, Tor has been shown to be vulnerable to website…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Ethan Witwer

Due to the increasing sophistication of web attacks, Web Application Firewalls (WAFs) have to be tested and updated regularly to resist the relentless flow of web attacks. In practice, using a brute-force attack to discover vulnerabilities…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Mohammadhossein Amouei , Mohsen Rezvani , Mansoor Fateh

This work presents an attack-aware deepfake and image-forensics detector designed for robustness, well-calibrated probabilities, and transparent evidence under realistic deployment conditions. The method combines red-team training with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Noor Fatima , Hasan Faraz Khan , Muzammil Behzad

Automatic fingerprint recognition systems suffer from the threat of presentation attacks due to their wide range of deployment in areas including national borders and commercial applications. A presentation attack can be performed by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-13 Anuj Rai , Parsheel Kumar Tiwari , Jyotishna Baishya , Ram Prakash Sharma , Somnath Dey

The Internet traffic data produced by the Internet of Things (IoT) devices are collected by Internet Service Providers (ISPs) and device manufacturers, and often shared with their third parties to maintain and enhance user services.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Su Wang , Keyang Yu , Qi Li , Dong Chen

Securing the Internet of Things (IoT) is a necessary milestone toward expediting the deployment of its applications and services. In particular, the functionality of the IoT devices is extremely dependent on the reliability of their message…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-11-07 Aidin Ferdowsi , Walid Saad

Parallel to our physical activities our virtual presence also leaves behind our unique digital fingerprints, while navigating on the Internet. These digital fingerprints have the potential to unveil users' activities encompassing browsing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Blerim Rexha , Arbena Musa , Kamer Vishi , Edlira Martiri

Deepfake technology poses increasing risks such as privacy invasion and identity theft. To address these threats, we propose WaveGuard, a proactive watermarking framework that enhances robustness and imperceptibility via frequency-domain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Ziyuan He , Zhiqing Guo , Liejun Wang , Gaobo Yang , Yunfeng Diao , Dan Ma

Due to the popularity of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology, numerous backdoor attacks are designed by adversaries to mislead deep neural network predictions by manipulating training samples and training processes. Although backdoor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Jun Xia , Zhihao Yue , Yingbo Zhou , Zhiwei Ling , Xian Wei , Mingsong Chen

The arm race between hardware security engineers and side-channel researchers has become more competitive with more sophisticated attacks and defenses in the last decade. While modern hardware features improve the system performance…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-10 Debopriya Roy Dipta , Berk Gulmezoglu

Browser fingerprinting is an invasive and opaque stateless tracking technique. Browser vendors, academics, and standards bodies have long struggled to provide meaningful protections against browser fingerprinting that are both accurate and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-08-12 Umar Iqbal , Steven Englehardt , Zubair Shafiq

Browser fingerprinting is a stateless tracking technique that attempts to combine information exposed by multiple different web APIs to create a unique identifier for tracking users across the web. Over the last decade, trackers have abused…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-15 Pouneh Nikkhah Bahrami , Umar Iqbal , Zubair Shafiq

In todays landscape of increasing electronic crime, network forensics plays a pivotal role in digital investigations. It aids in understanding which systems to analyse and as a supplement to support evidence found through more traditional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Nathan Clarke , Gaseb Alotibi , Dany Joy , Fudong Li , Steven Furnell , Ali Alshumrani , Hussan Mohammed

The aggressive performance optimizations in modern microprocessors can result in security vulnerabilities. For example, timing-based attacks in processor caches can steal secret keys or break randomization. So far, finding cache-timing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Mulong Luo , Wenjie Xiong , Geunbae Lee , Yueying Li , Xiaomeng Yang , Amy Zhang , Yuandong Tian , Hsien-Hsin S. Lee , G. Edward Suh

Website fingerprinting attacks enable an adversary to infer which website a victim is visiting, even if the victim uses an encrypting proxy, such as Tor. Previous work has shown that all proposed defenses against website fingerprinting…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-01-24 Xiang Cai , Rishab Nithyanand , Rob Johnson

Recent advances in learning Deep Neural Network (DNN) architectures have received a great deal of attention due to their ability to outperform state-of-the-art classifiers across a wide range of applications, with little or no feature…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-04-03 Se Eun Oh , Saikrishna Sunkam , Nicholas Hopper