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In this study, we propose a new activation function, called Adaptive Smooth Activation Unit (ASAU), tailored for optimized gradient propagation, thereby enhancing the proficiency of convolutional networks in medical image analysis. We apply…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Koushik Biswas , Debesh Jha , Nikhil Kumar Tomar , Gorkem Durak , Alpay Medetalibeyoglu , Matthew Antalek , Yury Velichko , Daniela Ladner , Amir Bohrani , Ulas Bagci

Fetal head segmentation is a crucial step in measuring the fetal head circumference (HC) during gestation, an important biometric in obstetrics for monitoring fetal growth. However, manual biometry generation is time-consuming and results…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-02 Fangyijie Wang , Guénolé Silvestre , Kathleen M. Curran

In Neural Networks (NN), Adaptive Activation Functions (AAF) have parameters that control the shapes of activation functions. These parameters are trained along with other parameters in the NN. AAFs have improved performance of Neural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-08-24 Le Hou , Dimitris Samaras , Tahsin M. Kurc , Yi Gao , Joel H. Saltz

Most facial landmark detection methods predict landmarks by mapping the input facial appearance features to landmark heatmaps and have achieved promising results. However, when the face image is suffering from large poses, heavy occlusions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-19 Jun Wan , Jun Liu , Jie Zhou , Zhihui Lai , Linlin Shen , Hang Sun , Ping Xiong , Wenwen Min

Deep learning methods have led to significant improvements in the performance on the facial landmark detection (FLD) task. However, detecting landmarks in challenging settings, such as head pose changes, exaggerated expressions, or uneven…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Purbayan Kar , Vishal Chudasama , Naoyuki Onoe , Pankaj Wasnik , Vineeth Balasubramanian

Synthetic aperture sonar (SAS) requires precise time-of-flight measurements of the transmitted/received waveform to produce well-focused imagery. It is not uncommon for errors in these measurements to be present resulting in image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-02 Isaac D. Gerg , Vishal Monga

Segmentation of the fetal and maternal structures, particularly intrapartum ultrasound imaging as advocated by the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology (ISUOG) for monitoring labor progression, is a crucial first…

We present a semi-supervised framework for joint segmentation and classification of fetal cardiac ultrasound images. Built upon the EchoCare multi-task backbone, our method integrates SAM-Med2D for boundary refinement and leverages DINOv3…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Tonghao Zhuang , Shanglong Hu , Yongsheng Luo , Zhiqi Zhang , Yu Li

Current CNN-based solutions to salient object detection (SOD) mainly rely on the optimization of cross-entropy loss (CELoss). Then the quality of detected saliency maps is often evaluated in terms of F-measure. In this paper, we investigate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Kai Zhao , Shanghua Gao , Wenguan Wang , Ming-Ming Cheng

Deformable medical image registration is a crucial aspect of medical image analysis. In recent years, researchers have begun leveraging auxiliary tasks (such as supervised segmentation) to provide anatomical structure information for the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Hongchao Zhou , Shunbo Hu

Fetal MRI is heavily constrained by unpredictable and substantial fetal motion that causes image artifacts and limits the set of viable diagnostic image contrasts. Current mitigation of motion artifacts is predominantly performed by fast,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-17 Molin Zhang , Junshen Xu , Esra Abaci Turk , P. Ellen Grant , Polina Golland , Elfar Adalsteinsson

Visual explanation maps enhance the trustworthiness of decisions made by deep learning models and offer valuable guidance for developing new algorithms in image recognition tasks. Class activation maps (CAM) and their variants (e.g.,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Yi Liao , Ugochukwu Ejike Akpudo , Jue Zhang , Yongsheng Gao , Jun Zhou , Wenyi Zeng , Weichuan Zhang

Synthetic aperture sonar (SAS) requires precise positional and environmental information to produce well-focused output during the image reconstruction step. However, errors in these measurements are commonly present resulting in defocused…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-08-02 Isaac Gerg , Vishal Monga

Identifying and interpreting fetal standard scan planes during 2D ultrasound mid-pregnancy examinations are highly complex tasks which require years of training. Apart from guiding the probe to the correct location, it can be equally…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-07-26 Christian F. Baumgartner , Konstantinos Kamnitsas , Jacqueline Matthew , Tara P. Fletcher , Sandra Smith , Lisa M. Koch , Bernhard Kainz , Daniel Rueckert

Automated fetal brain extraction from full-uterus MRI is a challenging task due to variable head sizes, orientations, complex anatomy, and prevalent artifacts. While deep-learning (DL) models trained on synthetic images have been successful…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-30 Javid Dadashkarimi , Valeria Pena Trujillo , Camilo Jaimes , Lilla Zöllei , Malte Hoffmann

Approximately 10% of newborns require assistance to initiate breathing at birth, and around 5% need ventilation support. Fetal heart rate (FHR) monitoring plays a crucial role in assessing fetal well-being during prenatal care, enabling the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Kjersti Engan , Neel Kanwal , Anita Yeconia , Ladislaus Blacy , Yuda Munyaw , Estomih Mduma , Hege Ersdal

We introduce the task of human action anomaly detection (HAAD), which aims to identify anomalous motions in an unsupervised manner given only the pre-determined normal category of training action samples. Compared to prior human-related…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Shun Maeda , Chunzhi Gu , Jun Yu , Shogo Tokai , Shangce Gao , Chao Zhang

The AI-based assisted diagnosis programs have been widely investigated on medical ultrasound images. Complex scenario of ultrasound image, in which the coupled interference of internal and external factors is severe, brings a unique…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-15 Gongping Chen , Lei Zhao , Xiaotao Yin , Liang Cui , Jianxun Zhang , Yu Dai , Ningning Liu

The automatic localization and standardization of anatomical planes in 3D medical imaging remains a challenging problem due to variability in object pose, appearance, and image quality. In 3D ultrasound, these challenges are exacerbated by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Alomar Antonia , Rubio Ricardo , Albaiges Gerard , Salort-Benejam Laura , Caminal Julia , Prat Maria , Rueda Carolina , Cortes Berta , Piella Gemma , Sukno Federico

We present a method, referred to as Deep Harmonic Finesse (DHF), for separation of non-stationary quasi-periodic signals when limited data is available. The problem frequently arises in wearable systems in which, a combination of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-03 Mahya Saffarpour , Kourosh Vali , Weitai Qian , Begum Kasap , Herman L. Hedriana , Soheil Ghiasi