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Large Language Models (LLMs), when used in educational settings without pedagogical fine-tuning, often provide immediate answers rather than guiding students through the problem-solving process. This approach falls short of pedagogically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Shashank Sonkar , Kangqi Ni , Sapana Chaudhary , Richard G. Baraniuk

In the era of Large Language Models (LLMs), alignment has emerged as a fundamental yet challenging problem in the pursuit of more reliable, controllable, and capable machine intelligence. The recent success of reasoning models and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Hao Sun , Mihaela van der Schaar

Minimizing negative impacts of Artificial Intelligent (AI) systems on human societies without human supervision requires them to be able to align with human values. However, most current work only addresses this issue from a technical point…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Mehdi Khamassi , Marceau Nahon , Raja Chatila

As AI adoption expands across human society, the problem of aligning AI models to match human preferences remains a grand challenge. Currently, the AI alignment field is deeply divided between behavioral and representational approaches,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Ben Y. Reis , William La Cava

Modern large language model (LLM) alignment techniques rely on human feedback, but it is unclear whether these techniques fundamentally limit the capabilities of aligned LLMs. In particular, it is unknown if it is possible to align…

As educational systems evolve, ensuring that assessment items remain aligned with content standards is essential for maintaining fairness and instructional relevance. Traditional human alignment reviews are accurate but slow and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Farzan Karimi-Malekabadi , Pooya Razavi , Sonya Powers

The burgeoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) have underscored the need for alignment to ensure these models act in accordance with human values and intentions. Existing alignment frameworks present constraints either in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Leitian Tao , Yixuan Li

Pre-trained language models have been successful on text classification tasks, but are prone to learning spurious correlations from biased datasets, and are thus vulnerable when making inferences in a new domain. Prior work reveals such…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Huihan Yao , Ying Chen , Qinyuan Ye , Xisen Jin , Xiang Ren

Natural Language Inference (NLI) models are known to learn from biases and artefacts within their training data, impacting how well they generalise to other unseen datasets. Existing de-biasing approaches focus on preventing the models from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Joe Stacey , Yonatan Belinkov , Marek Rei

Large language models (LLMs) have exploded in popularity in the past few years and have achieved undeniably impressive results on benchmarks as varied as question answering and text summarization. We provide a simple new prompting strategy…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-14 Joshua Albrecht , Ellie Kitanidis , Abraham J. Fetterman

Recent works have demonstrated the effectiveness of self-alignment in which a large language model is aligned to follow general instructions using instructional data generated from the model itself starting from a handful of human-written…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Junmo Kang , Hongyin Luo , Yada Zhu , Jacob Hansen , James Glass , David Cox , Alan Ritter , Rogerio Feris , Leonid Karlinsky

A key concern with the concept of "alignment" is the implicit question of "alignment to what?". AI systems are increasingly used across the world, yet safety alignment is often focused on homogeneous monolingual settings. Additionally,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Aakanksha , Arash Ahmadian , Beyza Ermis , Seraphina Goldfarb-Tarrant , Julia Kreutzer , Marzieh Fadaee , Sara Hooker

How can "weak teacher models" such as average human annotators or existing AI systems, effectively supervise LLMs to improve performance on hard reasoning tasks, especially those that challenge and requires expertise or daily practice from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Xuan He , Da Yin , Nanyun Peng

Misaligned research objectives have considerably hindered progress in adversarial robustness research over the past decade. For instance, an extensive focus on optimizing target metrics, while neglecting rigorous standardized evaluation,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Leo Schwinn , Yan Scholten , Tom Wollschläger , Sophie Xhonneux , Stephen Casper , Stephan Günnemann , Gauthier Gidel

The natural world is abundant with concepts expressed via visual, acoustic, tactile, and linguistic modalities. Much of the existing progress in multimodal learning, however, focuses primarily on problems where the same set of modalities…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Paul Pu Liang , Peter Wu , Liu Ziyin , Louis-Philippe Morency , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

The recent rapid progress in pre-training Large Language Models has relied on using self-supervised language modeling objectives like next token prediction or span corruption. On the other hand, Machine Translation Systems are mostly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Andrea Schioppa , Xavier Garcia , Orhan Firat

We propose self-adaptive training -- a unified training algorithm that dynamically calibrates and enhances training processes by model predictions without incurring an extra computational cost -- to advance both supervised and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Lang Huang , Chao Zhang , Hongyang Zhang

Social alignment in AI systems aims to ensure that these models behave according to established societal values. However, unlike humans, who derive consensus on value judgments through social interaction, current language models (LMs) are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Ruibo Liu , Ruixin Yang , Chenyan Jia , Ge Zhang , Denny Zhou , Andrew M. Dai , Diyi Yang , Soroush Vosoughi

Pre-trained large-scale language models (LLMs) excel at producing coherent articles, yet their outputs may be untruthful, toxic, or fail to align with user expectations. Current approaches focus on using reinforcement learning with human…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Dehong Xu , Liang Qiu , Minseok Kim , Faisal Ladhak , Jaeyoung Do

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has proven effective in enhancing the instruction-following capabilities of large language models; however, it remains underexplored in the cross-modality domain. As the number of modalities…

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