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As large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT exhibited unprecedented machine intelligence, it also shows great performance in assisting hardware engineers to realize higher-efficiency logic design via natural language interaction. To…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Kaiyan Chang , Ying Wang , Haimeng Ren , Mengdi Wang , Shengwen Liang , Yinhe Han , Huawei Li , Xiaowei Li

Instruction Tuning (IT) has been proven to be an effective approach to unlock the powerful capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Recent studies indicate that excessive IT data can degrade LLMs performance, while carefully selecting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Xin Chen , Junchao Wu , Shu Yang , Runzhe Zhan , Zeyu Wu , Min Yang , Shujian Huang , Lidia S. Chao , Derek F. Wong

Recent developments in large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in enhancing the capabilities of natural language processing (NLP). Despite these successes, there remains a dearth of research dedicated to the NLP problem-solving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Linxin Song , Jieyu Zhang , Lechao Cheng , Pengyuan Zhou , Tianyi Zhou , Irene Li

To meet the ever-increasing demand for computational efficiency, Neural Processing Units (NPUs) have become critical in modern AI infrastructure. However, unlocking their full potential requires developing high-performance compute kernels…

Large Language Model (LLM) inference is hard. The autoregressive Decode phase of the underlying Transformer model makes LLM inference fundamentally different from training. Exacerbated by recent AI trends, the primary challenges are memory…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Xiaoyu Ma , David Patterson

Large Language Models (LLMs) built on transformer architectures have transformed natural language processing, achieving remarkable performance across diverse applications. While distributed inference frameworks enable practical deployment…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Lang Xu , Kaushik Kandadi Suresh , Quentin Anthony , Nawras Alnaasan , Dhabaleswar K. Panda

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have popularized the chain-of-thought (CoT) paradigm, in which models produce explicit reasoning steps in natural language. Although this approach improves interpretability and facilitates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-03 José I. Orlicki

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in generating human-like text, yet their applicability to dialogue systems in computer games remains limited. This limitation arises from their substantial hardware…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Martin Braas , Lukas Esterle

Large Language Model (LLM) serving faces a fundamental tension between stringent latency Service Level Objectives (SLOs) and limited GPU memory capacity. When high request rates exhaust the KV cache budget, existing LLM inference systems…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Jiahuan Yu , Mingtao Hu , Zichao Lin , Minjia Zhang

The computational complexity of large language model (LLM) inference significantly constrains their deployment efficiency on edge devices. In contrast, small language models offer faster decoding and lower resource consumption but often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Jianshu She , Wenhao Zheng , Zhengzhong Liu , Hongyi Wang , Eric Xing , Huaxiu Yao , Qirong Ho

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown strong potential in accelerating digital hardware design through automated code generation. Yet, ensuring their reliability remains a critical challenge, as existing LLMs trained on massive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-08 Yiwen Liang , Qiufeng Li , Shikai Wang , Weidong Cao

With the advent of large language models (LLMs) like GPT-3, a natural question is the extent to which these models can be utilized for source code optimization. This paper presents methodologically stringent case studies applied to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Andreas Florath

We introduce LAMPO, a novel paradigm that leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) for solving few-shot multi-class ordinal classification tasks. Unlike conventional methods, which concatenate all demonstration examples with the test instance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Zhen Qin , Junru Wu , Jiaming Shen , Tianqi Liu , Xuanhui Wang

Text-to-image latent diffusion models (LDMs) have recently emerged as powerful generative models with great potential for solving inverse problems in imaging. However, leveraging such models in a Plug & Play (PnP), zero-shot manner remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Alessio Spagnoletti , Jean Prost , Andrés Almansa , Nicolas Papadakis , Marcelo Pereyra

Applications built on top of Large Language Models (LLMs) such as GPT-4 represent a revolution in AI due to their human-level capabilities in natural language processing. However, they also pose many significant risks such as the presence…

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across a wide range of tasks, yet the majority of high-performing models remain closed-source or partially open, limiting transparency and reproducibility. In this work,…

The deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) on consumer edge devices is throttled by the "Memory Wall" -- the prohibitive bandwidth and energy cost of fetching gigabytes of model weights from DRAM for every token generated. Current…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Fang Li

In this work we present a new framework for neural networks compression with fine-tuning, which we called Neural Network Compression Framework (NNCF). It leverages recent advances of various network compression methods and implements some…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Alexander Kozlov , Ivan Lazarevich , Vasily Shamporov , Nikolay Lyalyushkin , Yury Gorbachev

Integrating machine learning (ML) into customer service chatbots enhances their ability to understand and respond to user queries, ultimately improving service performance. However, they may appear artificial to some users and affecting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Nurul Ain Nabilah Mohd Isa , Siti Nuraishah Agos Jawaddi , Azlan Ismail

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for natural language processing tasks, revolutionizing the field with their ability to understand and generate human-like text. As the demand for more sophisticated LLMs continues…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-01-13 Christoforos Kachris