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Related papers: Semantic Steganography: A Framework for Robust and…

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Linguistic steganography provides convenient implementation to hide messages, particularly with the emergence of AI generation technology. The potential abuse of this technology raises security concerns within societies, calling for…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Minhao Bai. Jinshuai Yang , Kaiyi Pang , Huili Wang , Yongfeng Huang

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have blurred the boundary of high-quality text generation between humans and machines, which is favorable for generative text steganography. While, current advanced steganographic mapping is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Jiaxuan Wu , Zhengxian Wu , Yiming Xue , Juan Wen , Wanli Peng

Recent steganographic schemes, starting with Meteor (CCS'21), rely on leveraging large language models (LLMs) to resolve a historically-challenging task of disguising covert communication as ``innocent-looking'' natural-language…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Neil Perry , Sanket Gupte , Nishant Pitta , Lior Rotem

The potential for large language models (LLMs) to hide messages within plain text (steganography) poses a challenge to detection and thwarting of unaligned AI agents, and undermines faithfulness of LLMs reasoning. We explore the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Artem Karpov , Tinuade Adeleke , Seong Hah Cho , Natalia Perez-Campanero

Linguistic steganography enables covert communication through embedding secret messages into innocuous texts; however, current methods face critical limitations in payload capacity and security. Traditional modification-based methods…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Jun Jiang , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu , Kejiang Chen

Whereas traditional cryptography encrypts a secret message into an unintelligible form, steganography conceals that communication is taking place by encoding a secret message into a cover signal. Language is a particularly pragmatic cover…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-05 Zachary M. Ziegler , Yuntian Deng , Alexander M. Rush

Linguistic steganography (LS) conceals the presence of communication by embedding secret information into a text. How to generate a high-quality text carrying secret information is a key problem. With the widespread application of deep…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Xiaoyan Zheng , Hanzhou Wu

Linguistic steganography (LS) aims to embed secret information into a highly encoded text for covert communication. It can be roughly divided to two main categories, i.e., modification based LS (MLS) and generation based LS (GLS). Unlike…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Tianyu Yang , Hanzhou Wu , Biao Yi , Guorui Feng , Xinpeng Zhang

Despite remarkable progress in steganography, embedding semantically rich, sentence-level information into carriers remains a challenging problem. In this work, we present a novel concept of Semantic Steganography, which aims to hide…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Huanqi Wu , Huangbiao Xu , Runfeng Xie , Jiaxin Cai , Kaixin Zhang , Xiao Ke

Existing linguistic steganography methods primarily rely on content transformations to conceal secret messages. However, they often cause subtle yet looking-innocent deviations between normal and stego texts, posing potential security risks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Lingyun Xiang , Chengfu Ou , Xu He , Zhongliang Yang , Yuling Liu

Linguistic steganography aims to conceal information within natural language text without being detected. An effective steganography approach should encode the secret message into a minimal number of language tokens while preserving the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Yu-Shin Huang , Chao Tian , Krishna Narayanan , Lizhong Zheng

We consider coverless steganography where a Large Language Model (LLM) is used to generate stego-texts in combination with arithmetic coding. An efficient method should embed secret bits in as few language tokens as possible while keeping…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Yu-Shin Huang , Peter Just , Hanyun Yin , Krishna Narayanan , Ruihong Huang , Chao Tian

With the popularity of the large language models (LLMs), text steganography has achieved remarkable performance. However, existing methods still have some issues: (1) For the white-box paradigm, this steganography behavior is prone to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Jianxin Gao , Ruohan Lei , Wanli Peng

Steganography embeds secret messages in seemingly innocuous carriers for covert communication under surveillance. Current Provably Secure Steganography (PSS) schemes based on language models can guarantee computational indistinguishability…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Kaiyi Pang , Minhao Bai

To detect stego (steganographic text) in complex scenarios, linguistic steganalysis (LS) with various motivations has been proposed and achieved excellent performance. However, with the development of generative steganography, some stegos…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Yifan Tang , Yihao Wang , Ru Zhang , Jianyi Liu

Large language models are beginning to show steganographic capabilities. Such capabilities could allow misaligned models to evade oversight mechanisms. Yet principled methods to detect and quantify such behaviours are lacking. Classical…

Nowadays, social media has become the preferred communication platform for web users but brought security threats. Linguistic steganography hides secret data into text and sends it to the intended recipient to realize covert communication.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-03-13 Xilong Wang , Yaofei Wang , Kejiang Chen , Jinyang Ding , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu

Steganography is the art and science of hiding secret messages in public communication so that the presence of the secret messages cannot be detected. There are two distribution-preserving steganographic frameworks, one is sampling-based…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2020-11-23 Kejiang Chen , Hang Zhou , Hanqing Zhao , Dongdong Chen , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu

In the face of escalating surveillance and censorship within the cyberspace, the sanctity of personal privacy has come under siege, necessitating the development of steganography, which offers a way to securely hide messages within…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Minhao Bai , Jinshuai Yang , Kaiyi Pang , Yongfeng Huang , Yue Gao

Linguistic steganography studies how to hide secret messages in natural language cover texts. Traditional methods aim to transform a secret message into an innocent text via lexical substitution or syntactical modification. Recently,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-05 Jiaming Shen , Heng Ji , Jiawei Han
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