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Sparse triangular solve (SpTRSV) is widely used in various domains. Numerous studies have been conducted using CPUs, GPUs, and specific hardware accelerators, where dataflows can be categorized into coarse and fine granularity. Coarse…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Qian Chen , Xiaofeng Yang , Shengli Lu

Tensors play a vital role in machine learning (ML) and often exhibit properties best explored while maintaining high-order. Efficiently performing ML computations requires taking advantage of sparsity, but generalized hardware support is…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-04-26 Gabriel Kulp , Andrew Ensinger , Lizhong Chen

Emerging machine learning (ML) models (e.g., transformers) involve memory pin bandwidth-bound matrix-vector (MV) computation in inference. By avoiding pin crossings, processing in memory (PIM) can improve performance and energy for…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Mingxuan He , Mithuna Thottethodi , T. N. Vijaykumar

Structured sparsity has been proposed as an efficient way to prune the complexity of modern Machine Learning (ML) applications and to simplify the handling of sparse data in hardware. The acceleration of ML models - for both training and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-14 V. Titopoulos , K. Alexandridis , C. Peltekis , C. Nicopoulos , G. Dimitrakopoulos

In this paper, we demonstrate a compiler that can optimize sparse and recurrent neural networks, both of which are currently outside of the scope of existing neural network compilers (sparse neural networks here stand for networks that can…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2020-05-11 Riyadh Baghdadi , Abdelkader Nadir Debbagh , Kamel Abdous , Fatima Zohra Benhamida , Alex Renda , Jonathan Elliott Frankle , Michael Carbin , Saman Amarasinghe

Scaling up the sparse matrix-vector multiplication kernel on modern Graphics Processing Units (GPU) has been at the heart of numerous studies in both academia and industry. In this article we present a novel non-parametric, self-tunable,…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2012-12-24 Xintian Yang , Srinivasan Parthasarathy , Ponnuswamy Sadayappan

How can we compute the pseudoinverse of a sparse feature matrix efficiently and accurately for solving optimization problems? A pseudoinverse is a generalization of a matrix inverse, which has been extensively utilized as a fundamental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Jinhong Jung , Lee Sael

FPGA architectures have recently been enhanced to meet the substantial computational demands of modern deep neural networks (DNNs). To this end, both FPGA vendors and academic researchers have proposed in-fabric blocks that perform…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Endri Taka , Ning-Chi Huang , Chi-Chih Chang , Kai-Chiang Wu , Aman Arora , Diana Marculescu

Recently, graph neural networks (GNNs), as the backbone of graph-based machine learning, demonstrate great success in various domains (e.g., e-commerce). However, the performance of GNNs is usually unsatisfactory due to the highly sparse…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Yuke Wang , Boyuan Feng , Zheng Wang , Guyue Huang , Yufei Ding

NVIDIA's 2:4 Sparse Tensor Cores deliver 2x throughput but demand strict 50% pruning -- a ratio that collapses LLM reasoning accuracy (Qwen3: 54% to 15%). Milder $(2N-2):2N$ patterns (e.g., 6:8, 25% pruning) preserve accuracy yet receive no…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Hanyong Shao , Yingbo Hao , Ting Song , Yan Xia , Di Zhang , Shaohan Huang , Xun Wu , Songchen Xu , Le Xu , Li Dong , Zewen Chi , Yi Zou , Furu Wei

This paper presents an efficient technique for matrix-vector and vector-transpose-matrix multiplication in distributed-memory parallel computing environments, where the matrices are unstructured, sparse, and have a substantially larger…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2018-12-04 Jonathan Eckstein , Gyorgy Matyasfalvi

Recent hardware acceleration advances have enabled powerful specialized accelerators for finite element computations, spiking neural network inference, and sparse tensor operations. However, existing approaches face fundamental limitations:…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Chuanzhen Wang , Leo Zhang , Eric Liu

The Transformer has been an indispensable staple in deep learning. However, for real-life applications, it is very challenging to deploy efficient Transformers due to immense parameters and operations of models. To relieve this burden,…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Chao Fang , Aojun Zhou , Zhongfeng Wang

The computational demands of modern Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are immense and constantly growing. While training costs usually capture public attention, inference demands are also contributing in significant computational, energy and…

Sparse matrix computation is crucial in various modern applications, including large-scale graph analytics, deep learning, and recommender systems. The performance of sparse kernels varies greatly depending on the structure of the input…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Francesco Sgherzi , Marco Siracusa , Ivan Fernandez , Adrià Armejach , Miquel Moretó

Efficient long-context understanding and reasoning are increasingly vital for large language model (LLM) applications such as multi-turn dialogue and program analysis. However, the core self-attention mechanism scales quadratically with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Siran Liu , Zane Cao , Yongchao He

Generalized sparse matrix-matrix multiplication is a key primitive for many high performance graph algorithms as well as some linear solvers such as multigrid. We present the first parallel algorithms that achieve increasing speedups for an…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2016-08-09 Aydın Buluç , John R. Gilbert

Programming high-performance sparse GPU kernels is notoriously difficult, requiring both substantial effort and deep expertise. Sparse compilers aim to simplify this process, but existing systems fall short in two key ways. First, they are…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Jaeyeon Won , Willow Ahrens , Joel S. Emer , Saman Amarasinghe

We propose a novel approach to iterated sparse matrix dense matrix multiplication, a fundamental computational kernel in scientific computing and graph neural network training. In cases where matrix sizes exceed the memory of a single…

Existing 3D algorithms for distributed-memory sparse kernels suffer from limited scalability due to reliance on bulk sparsity-agnostic communication. While easier to use, sparsity-agnostic communication leads to unnecessary bandwidth and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-05-01 Nabil Abubaker , Torsten Hoefler