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Transformers for language modeling usually rely on deterministic internal computation, with uncertainty expressed mainly at the output layer. We introduce variational neurons into Transformer feed-forward computation so that uncertainty…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Yves Ruffenach

Industrial systems demand reliable predictive maintenance strategies to enhance operational efficiency and reduce downtime. This paper introduces an integrated framework that leverages the capabilities of the Transformer model-based neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Yang Zhao , Jiaxi Yang , Wenbo Wang , Helin Yang , Dusit Niyato

Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) aims to create intelligent agents that can learn to solve complex problems efficiently in a real-world environment. Typically, two learning goals: adaptation and generalization are used for baselining DRL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-18 Pamul Yadav , Ashutosh Mishra , Junyong Lee , Shiho Kim

We find limits to the Transformer architecture for language modeling and show it has a universal prediction property in an information-theoretic sense. We further analyze performance in non-asymptotic data regimes to understand the role of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Sourya Basu , Moulik Choraria , Lav R. Varshney

The digital transformation is pushing the existing network technologies towards new horizons, enabling new applications (e.g., vehicular networks). As a result, the networking community has seen a noticeable increase in the requirements of…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2021-09-01 Paul Almasan , José Suárez-Varela , Bo Wu , Shihan Xiao , Pere Barlet-Ros , Albert Cabellos-Aparicio

The last decade witnessed increasingly rapid progress in self-driving vehicle technology, mainly backed up by advances in the area of deep learning and artificial intelligence. The objective of this paper is to survey the current…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-03-26 Sorin Grigorescu , Bogdan Trasnea , Tiberiu Cocias , Gigel Macesanu

With the rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) and robotics, service robots are increasingly becoming an integral part of daily life, offering a wide range of services in complex environments. To deliver these services…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Shaohan Bian , Ying Zhang , Guohui Tian , Zhiqiang Miao , Edmond Q. Wu , Simon X. Yang , Changchun Hua

The recent success of Vision Transformers is shaking the long dominance of Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) in image recognition for a decade. Specifically, in terms of robustness on out-of-distribution samples, recent research finds…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Zeyu Wang , Yutong Bai , Yuyin Zhou , Cihang Xie

This paper highlights the significance of including memory structures in neural networks when the latter are used to learn perception-action loops for autonomous robot navigation. Traditional navigation approaches rely on global maps of the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-05-24 Steven W Chen , Nikolay Atanasov , Arbaaz Khan , Konstantinos Karydis , Daniel D. Lee , Vijay Kumar

Over the past few years, deep learning techniques have achieved tremendous success in many visual understanding tasks such as object detection, image segmentation, and caption generation. Despite this thriving in computer vision and natural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-26 Anh Nguyen

Deep learning as represented by the artificial deep neural networks (DNNs) has achieved great success in many important areas that deal with text, images, videos, graphs, and so on. However, the black-box nature of DNNs has become one of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-29 Fenglei Fan , Jinjun Xiong , Mengzhou Li , Ge Wang

This work builds together two popular blocks of neural architecture, namely convolutional layers and Transformers, for large language models (LLMs). Non-causal conformers are used ubiquitously in automatic speech recognition. This work aims…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Prateek Verma

Recent times are witnessing rapid development in machine learning algorithm systems, especially in reinforcement learning, natural language processing, computer and robot vision, image processing, speech, and emotional processing and…

While convolutional neural networks have shown a tremendous impact on various computer vision tasks, they generally demonstrate limitations in explicitly modeling long-range dependencies due to the intrinsic locality of the convolution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-06 Guanglei Yang , Hao Tang , Mingli Ding , Nicu Sebe , Elisa Ricci

Federated learning is an emerging research paradigm enabling collaborative training of machine learning models among different organizations while keeping data private at each institution. Despite recent progress, there remain fundamental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-15 Liangqiong Qu , Yuyin Zhou , Paul Pu Liang , Yingda Xia , Feifei Wang , Ehsan Adeli , Li Fei-Fei , Daniel Rubin

Deep reinforcement learning has recently seen huge success across multiple areas in the robotics domain. Owing to the limitations of gathering real-world data, i.e., sample inefficiency and the cost of collecting it, simulation environments…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-09 Wenshuai Zhao , Jorge Peña Queralta , Tomi Westerlund

Transfer learning is a conceptually-enticing paradigm in pursuit of truly intelligent embodied agents. The core concept -- reusing prior knowledge to learn in and from novel situations -- is successfully leveraged by humans to handle novel…

Spacecraft operations are highly critical, demanding impeccable reliability and safety. Ensuring the optimal performance of a spacecraft requires the early detection and mitigation of anomalies, which could otherwise result in unit or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-20 Daniel Lakey , Tim Schlippe

As the bridge between the analog world and digital computers, analog-to-digital converters are generally used in modern information systems such as radar, surveillance, and communications. For the configuration of analog-to-digital…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-10-23 Shaofu Xu , Xiuting Zou , Bowen Ma , Jianping Chen , Lei Yu , Weiwen Zou

Recently, Transformer is much popular and plays an important role in the fields of Machine Learning (ML), Natural Language Processing (NLP), and Computer Vision (CV), etc. In this paper, based on the Vision Transformer (ViT) model, a new…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Ruisheng Ran , Tianyu Gao , Bin Fang