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We propose AdapTok, an adaptive temporal causal video tokenizer that can flexibly allocate tokens for different frames based on video content. AdapTok is equipped with a block-wise masking strategy that randomly drops tail tokens of each…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Yan Li , Changyao Tian , Renqiu Xia , Ning Liao , Weiwei Guo , Junchi Yan , Hongsheng Li , Jifeng Dai , Hao Li , Xue Yang

In this paper, we introduce SemHiTok, a unified image Tokenizer via Semantic-Guided Hierarchical codebook that provides consistent discrete representations for multimodal understanding and generation. Recently, unified image tokenizers have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Zisheng Chen , Chunwei Wang , Runhui Huang , Hongbin Xu , Xiuwei Chen , Jun Zhou , Jianhua Han , Hang Xu , Xiaodan Liang

Effectively handling temporal redundancy remains a key challenge in learning video models. Prevailing approaches often treat each set of frames independently, failing to effectively capture the temporal dependencies and redundancies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Xiang Fan , Xiaohang Sun , Kushan Thakkar , Zhu Liu , Vimal Bhat , Ranjay Krishna , Xiang Hao

Pixel-wise capabilities are essential for building interactive intelligent systems. However, pixel-wise multi-modal LLMs (MLLMs) remain difficult to scale due to complex region-level encoders, specialized segmentation decoders, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Yikang Zhou , Tao Zhang , Dengxian Gong , Yuanzheng Wu , Ye Tian , Haochen Wang , Haobo Yuan , Jiacong Wang , Lu Qi , Hao Fei , Anran Wang , Zhuochen Wang , Yujing Wang , Cheng Chen , Shunping Ji , Xiangtai Li

Semantic segmentation in surgical videos has applications in intra-operative guidance, post-operative analytics and surgical education. Segmentation models need to provide accurate and consistent predictions since temporally inconsistent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Maria Grammatikopoulou , Ricardo Sanchez-Matilla , Felix Bragman , David Owen , Lucy Culshaw , Karen Kerr , Danail Stoyanov , Imanol Luengo

Audio tokenizers are fundamental to unifying audio understanding and generation. Understanding requires high-level semantics, while generation demands semantic and acoustic details. Existing unified tokenizers jointly encode both in…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-28 Zhisheng Zhang , Xiang Li , Yixuan Zhou , Jing Peng , Guoyang Zeng , Zhiyong Wu

Text-to-video generation poses significant challenges due to the inherent complexity of video data, which spans both temporal and spatial dimensions. It introduces additional redundancy, abrupt variations, and a domain gap between language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Ziqin Zhou , Yifan Yang , Yuqing Yang , Tianyu He , Houwen Peng , Kai Qiu , Qi Dai , Lili Qiu , Chong Luo , Lingqiao Liu

Continuous image tokenizers enable efficient visual generation, and those based on variational frameworks can learn smooth, structured latent representations through KL regularization. Yet this often leads to posterior collapse when using…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Hengyu Zeng , Xin Gao , Guanghao Li , Yuxiang Yan , Jiaoyang Ruan , Junpeng Ma , Haoyu Albert Wang , Jian Pu

The quadratic computational complexity to the number of tokens limits the practical applications of Vision Transformers (ViTs). Several works propose to prune redundant tokens to achieve efficient ViTs. However, these methods generally…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Shuning Chang , Pichao Wang , Ming Lin , Fan Wang , David Junhao Zhang , Rong Jin , Mike Zheng Shou

With the growing adoption of vision-language-action models and world models in autonomous driving systems, scalable image tokenization becomes crucial as the interface for the visual modality. However, most existing tokenizers are designed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Dong Zhuo , Wenzhao Zheng , Sicheng Zuo , Siming Yan , Lu Hou , Jie Zhou , Jiwen Lu

Bridging different modalities lies at the heart of cross-modality generation. While conventional approaches treat the text modality as a conditioning signal that gradually guides the denoising process from Gaussian noise to the target image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Ju He , Qihang Yu , Qihao Liu , Liang-Chieh Chen

Video large language models (Video-LLMs) face high computational costs due to large volumes of visual tokens. Existing token compression methods typically adopt a two-stage spatiotemporal compression strategy, relying on stage-specific…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Junhao Du , Jialong Xue , Anqi Li , Jincheng Dai , Guo Lu

Temporally localizing user-queried events through natural language is a crucial capability for video models. Recent methods predominantly adapt video LLMs to generate event boundary timestamps for temporal localization tasks, which struggle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Zongshang Pang , Mayu Otani , Yuta Nakashima

Text and faces are among the most perceptually salient and practically important patterns in visual generation, yet they remain challenging for autoregressive generators built on discrete tokenization. A central bottleneck is the tokenizer:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Yang Yue , Fangyun Wei , Tianyu He , Jinjing Zhao , Zanlin Ni , Zeyu Liu , Jiayi Guo , Lei Shi , Yue Dong , Li Chen , Ji Li , Gao Huang , Dong Chen

Efficient tokenization of videos remains a challenge in training vision models that can process long videos. One promising direction is to develop a tokenizer that can encode long video clips, as it would enable the tokenizer to leverage…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Huiwon Jang , Sihyun Yu , Jinwoo Shin , Pieter Abbeel , Younggyo Seo

In this work, we propose aligning pretrained visual encoders to serve as tokenizers for latent diffusion models in image generation. Unlike training a variational autoencoder (VAE) from scratch, which primarily emphasizes low-level details,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Bowei Chen , Sai Bi , Hao Tan , He Zhang , Tianyuan Zhang , Zhengqi Li , Yuanjun Xiong , Jianming Zhang , Kai Zhang

We introduce Representation Tokenizer (RepTok), a generative modeling framework that represents an image using a single continuous latent token obtained from self-supervised vision transformers. Building on a pre-trained SSL encoder, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Ming Gui , Johannes Schusterbauer , Timy Phan , Felix Krause , Josh Susskind , Miguel Angel Bautista , Björn Ommer

Unified Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) require a visual representation that simultaneously supports high-fidelity reconstruction, complex semantic extraction, and generative suitability. However, existing visual tokenizers…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Shaobin Zhuang , Yuang Ai , Jiaming Han , Weijia Mao , Xiaohui Li , Fangyikang Wang , Xiao Wang , Yan Li , Shanchuan Lin , Kun Xu , Zhenheng Yang , Huaibo Huang , Xiangyu Yue , Hao Chen , Yali Wang

Recent advances in Video Large Language Models (VLLMs) have significantly enhanced their ability to understand video content. Nonetheless, processing long videos remains challenging due to high computational demands and the redundancy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Mengyue Wang , Shuo Chen , Kristian Kersting , Volker Tresp , Yunpu Ma

Video Large Language Models (Video LLMs) achieve strong performance on video understanding tasks but suffer from high inference costs due to the large number of visual tokens. We propose KiToke, a training-free, query-agnostic token…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Haifeng Huang , Yang Li